ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
The complex role of immune cells in antigen presentation and regulation of T-cell responses in hepatocellular carcinoma: progress, challenges, and future directions.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of compound kushen injection on immune function in patients with primary liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- NRGN inhibits CD8⁺ T cell effector function by downregulating MHC-I expression through the FMR1-IRF8 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Recent advances in lipid nanoparticles for cancer vaccine delivery: Challenges and future perspectives.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils macrophage heterogeneity and cell-cell interactions in hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- From immune dysregulation to renal injury: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities in immune-mediated nephropathies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Advances in immunotherapy for thyroid malignancies: from molecular targets to clinical outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- A compass in the challenge: the CALLY index as a prognostic biomarker in advanced cholangiocarcinoma treated with chemoimmunotherapy: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Prediction of tumor progression in intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing TACE combined with targeted immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Structural and temporal dynamics analysis of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: History, research hotspots, and emerging trends.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Tumor immunology: unraveling the complex interaction between tumors and the immune system: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Changing landscape of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Breakthroughs in systemic therapies (Review).Oncology reports · 2025Review
- A novel risk score model incorporating six co-stimulatory molecules for accurate prognosis prediction of laryngeal cancer.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of LSI312A on Dendritic Cells: A Novel Approach to Modulating Inflammatory Pathways.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Machine learning assists regulated cell death crucial biomarker selection in adenocarcinoma of the lung: biological data testing and cell assay determination.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Construction and evaluation of a prognostic model of autophagy-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Versatile Therapeutic Approach for Cancer, Autoimmune Disorders, GVHD and COVID-19.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Unveiling the immunometabolic landscape of colorectal cancer through PANoptosis-related gene expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical trials of nanoparticle-enhanced CAR-T and NK cell therapies in oncology: overcoming translational and clinical challenges - a mini review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent form of liver cancer that poses significant challenges regarding morbidity and mortality rates. In the context of HCC, immune cells play a vital role, especially concerning the presentation of antigens. This review explores the intricate interactions among immune cells within HCC, focusing on their functions in antigen presentation and the modulation of T-cell responses. We begin by summarizing the strategies that HCC uses to escape immune recognition, emphasizing the delicate equilibrium between immune surveillance and evasion. Next, we investigate the specific functions of various types of immune cells, including dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and CD8+ T cells, in the process of antigen presentation. We also examine the impact of immune checkpoints, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and the pathways involving programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), on antigen presentation, while taking into account the clinical significance of checkpoint inhibitors. The review further emphasizes the importance of immune-based therapies, including cancer vaccines and CAR-T cell therapy, in improving antigen presentation. In conclusion, we encapsulate the latest advancements in research, propose future avenues for exploration, and stress the importance of innovative technologies and customized treatment strategies. By thoroughly analyzing the interactions of immune cells throughout the antigen presentation process in HCC, this review provides an up-to-date perspective on the field, setting the stage for new therapeutic approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.