ArticlePhysical activity and nutrition2024
Sex differences in upper and lower strength and their association with body composition among university students.
Article in Physical activity and nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trunk Muscle Performance, Spinal Alignment, and Postural Profiles in 9-11-Year-Old Children Participating in Intensively Organized Sport Assessed with Non-Radiographic Tools.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Body Composition, Strength, Mobility, and Posture Associated with Shoulder Pain and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Predictive factors of functional movement screening and physical fitness in university students: the roles of gender, activity level, and sleep duration.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Association between grip strength and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Gingival bleeding and lower number of natural teeth are predictive factors of low muscle strength in obese adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Relative Handgrip Strength as the Primary Determinant of Fatigue Resistance in Young Adults.International journal of exercise science · 2026Article
- Association Between Bottle-Opening Ability and Muscle Weakness in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.Circulation reports · 2025Article
- Association of dietary acid load with abdominal adiposity based on traditional and novel anthropometric indices.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSex strongly influences physical performance throughout adolescence, and excess fat mass is associated with several health and performance impairments. This study aimed to evaluate whether variations in strength between men and women dependent on lean mass and body fat content.
methodsThis cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, non-probabilistic study involved 44 university students (22 men and 22 women, aged 19-29). Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured using an adjustable handgrip dynamometer, body composition was assessed using bioimpedance, and countermovement jumps (CMJ) were measured using a force platform. Data were analyzed using ANOVA to compare HGS and CMJ based on body mass, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to examine the relationships between grip strength, body composition, and jump test performance.
resultsStrength is significantly higher in men compared to women, as is countermovement jump. The strength of women corresponded to over 50% of that of men, whereas the quantity of lean mass in women corresponded to 55% of that of men. We found a significant relationship between strength and lean mass.
conclusionThis study supports the idea that both upper- and lower-body strengths are strongly influenced by lean mass, thereby contributing to sex differences. The primary factor in body composition that explains the disparities in HGS and CMJ between sexes is the proportion of fat mass to lean mass. Finally, the sex disparities observed between body composition and strength depend on lean mass content.
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