ArticleCerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Race/Ethnic Differences in In-Hospital Mortality after Acute Ischemic Stroke.
Article in Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Racial and ethnic disparities in endovascular treatment outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio and all-cause mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Race/Ethnic Differences in In-Hospital Mortality after Acute Ischemic Stroke.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionStroke mortality has declined, with differential changes by race; stroke is now the 5th leading cause of death overall, but 2nd leading cause of death in Black individuals. Little is known about recent race/ethnic and sex trends in in-hospital mortality after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and whether system-level factors contribute to possible differences.
methodsUsing the National Inpatient Sample, adults (≥18 years) with a primary diagnosis of AIS from 2006 to 2017 (n = 643,912) were identified. We assessed in-hospital mortality by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander [API], other), sex, and age. Hospitals were categorized by proportion of White patients served: "≥75% White hospitals," "50-75% White hospitals," and "<50% White hospitals." Using survey adjusted logistic regression, the association between race/ethnicity and odds of mortality was assessed, adjusting for key sociodemographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics (e.g., age, comorbidities, stroke severity, do not resuscitate orders, and palliative care).
resultsOverall, mortality decreased from 5.0% in 2006 to 2.9% in 2017 (p < 0.01). Comparing 2012-2017 to 2006-2011, there was a 68% reduction in mortality odds overall after adjusting for covariates, most prominent in White individuals (69%) and smallest in Black individuals (57%). Compared to White patients, Black and Hispanic patients had lower odds of mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.82, 95% CI 0.78-0.87 and aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-1.00), primarily driven by those >65 years (age × ethnicity interaction p < 0.01). Compared to White men, Black, Hispanic, and API men, and Black women had lower aOR of mortality. The differences in mortality between White and all the other race/ethnic groups combined were most pronounced in ≥75% White hospitals (aOR 0.80, 0.74-0.87) compared to 50-75% White hospitals (aOR 0.85, 0.79-0.91) and <50% White hospitals (aOR 0.88, 0.81-0.95; interaction effect: p < 0.01).
conclusionAIS mortality has decreased dramatically in recent years in all race/ethnic subgroups. Overall, while individuals of other race/ethnic subgroups had lower mortality odds compared to White individuals, this effect was significantly lower in hospitals serving predominantly White patients compared to those serving minority populations. Further study is needed to understand these differences and to what extent sociocultural, biological, and system-level factors play a role. Category: Health services, quality improvement, and patient-centered outcomes were the elements used to categorize the study sample.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.