Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39499071›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2024

Effect of wild-type vaccine doses on BA.5 hybrid immunity, disease severity, and XBB reinfection risk.

Daxiang Chen, Weihong Zhang, Bin Xiao, Banglao Xu, Xiaoyun Yang, Shidong Deng, Guichang Li, Gang Yang, Jinpeng Cao, Xinyue Mei and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Daxiang Chen *State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5472-8887
Weihong Zhang *Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Bin Xiao *Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
Banglao XuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiaoyun YangHetao Institute of Guangzhou National Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Shidong DengState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Guichang LiState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Gang YangHetao Institute of Guangzhou National Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Jinpeng CaoState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xinyue MeiState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Qi LuoState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Peiyu HuangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xi SunState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Jie SuState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Nanshan ZhongState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2274-1427
Zhuxiang ZhaoDepartment of Infectious Disease, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3638-298X
Zhongfang WangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3236-5170

Funding

Emergency Key Program of Guangzhou Laboratory EKPG21-30-1Guangdong basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2022B1111070002, 2020B1111330001MOST | National Key Research and Development Program of China (NKPs) 2022YFC2604104, 2023YFC3041600, 2023YFC2306400MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 82341244,82271801R&D Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory SRPG23-005S&T Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory SRPG22-006Zhongnanshan Medical foundation of Guangdong Provine ZNSA-2020013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccination against the wild-type (WT) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus did not produce detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the BA.5 strain before it emerged. However, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) severity varied highly between unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals, for unknown reasons. We assessed the severity of BA.5 infection and the risk of XBB strain reinfection and measured serum levels of NAbs against WT, BA.5, and XBB.1.9.1 SARS-CoV-2 strains at varying time points in 1,373 individuals who received zero, one, two, or three WT vaccine doses. We found that two to three WT doses significantly increased WT and BA.5 NAb levels and reduced the incidence of COVID-19-associated pneumonia upon BA.5 strain infection compared to zero to one dose. Regarding XBB reinfection, those who received two to three doses and were infected with the BA.5 variant exhibited a significantly lower reinfection risk compared to those who received zero to one dose. RNA analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes between the two to three dose and unvaccinated groups were enriched in B cell activation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, complement, and monocyte activation functions-indicating that vaccination increased the antibody response and reduced inflammation. Our results suggest that multiple antigen exposures to either matched or unmatched SARS-COV-2 variants, through vaccination or infection, may be necessary to achieve significant immune imprinting.IMPORTANCEThe administration of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccines that do not perfectly match the viral strains that individuals become infected with has been found to impact the resultant illness severity-although the precise mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. We assessed viral clearance, as well as serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against wild-type, BA.5, and XBB.1.9.1 variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among individuals who received varying doses of such strain-mismatched vaccines. Notably, vaccination with ≥2 doses of strain-mismatched COVID-19 vaccines appeared to stimulate the production of specific NAbs during infection with new variants, as well as attenuate the inflammatory response and enhance viral clearance. Such vaccination regimens can also reduce the risk of reinfection. These findings may be important for guiding the development of future COVID-19 vaccination strategies that target both matched and mismatched viral variants.

Indexed as

Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesReinfectionSARS-CoV-2VaccinationAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness IndexAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19 severityneutralizing antibodiesSARS-CoV-2vaccinevaccine dose

Identifiers

PMID39499071
PMCPMC11650986

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.