ArticleHeliyon2024
Hydrophilic magnetic COFs: The Answer to photocatalytic degradation and removal of imidacloprid insecticide.
Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A Critical Review of Imidacloprid Remediation Technologies for Sustainable Environmental Management.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The widespread use of imidacloprid (IMI) in pest control presents significant environmental challenges due to its persistence and low removal efficiency. This study introduces magnetic Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) functionalized with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@HMN-COF, Fe₃O₄@MAN-COF, and Fe₃O₄@SIN-COF) as efficient adsorbents for IMI removal from water. These COFs, engineered with nitrogen-rich structures and extensive π-electron systems, achieve superior adsorption through π-π interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Characterization via FT-IR, XRD, and nitrogen sorption isotherms confirmed their high hydrophilicity, stability, and large surface areas. The magnetic properties of the COFs facilitated easy separation from water, enhancing practicality. Kinetic studies for all COFs indicated a pseudo-second-order model, suggesting chemisorption, with adsorption capacities of 600 mg/g for Fe₃O₄@HMN-COF, 480 mg/g for Fe₃O₄@MAN-COF, and 375 mg/g for Fe₃O₄@SIN-COF. Thermodynamic analyses revealed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption processes. Reusability tests showed minimal capacity loss over multiple cycles, underscoring their practical applicability. Practical tests in honey and fruit samples confirmed high efficacy, demonstrating the COFs' versatility. The study also optimized the photocatalytic degradation of imidacloprid using these COFs, with Fe₃O₄@HMN-COF achieving 98.5 % efficiency under optimal conditions (10 mg L
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Registered trials
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