Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39497166›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2024

Breast cancer in women with previous gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study.

Maria Hornstrup Christensen, Christina Anne Vinter, Thomas Bastholm Olesen, Maria Houborg Petersen, Ellen Aagaard Nohr, Katrine Hass Rubin, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Dorte Moeller Jensen

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Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Maria Hornstrup ChristensenSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. maria.hornstrup.christensen@rsyd.dk.
Christina Anne VinterSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Thomas Bastholm OlesenSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Maria Houborg PetersenSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Ellen Aagaard NohrDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Katrine Hass RubinResearch unit OPEN, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Marianne Skovsager AndersenDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Dorte Moeller JensenSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by insulin resistance. A link has been suggested between insulin resistance and breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women. Hence, women with previous GDM may be at increased risk of developing breast cancer, yet, the existing evidence is conflicting. This study explored the association between GDM and incident breast cancer, including age at cancer diagnosis. Additionally, we investigated the potential impact of severity of insulin resistance during pregnancy and of subsequent diabetes development on the breast cancer risk.

methodsWe conducted a nationwide, register-based cohort study including all women giving birth in Denmark from 1997 to 2018. We defined GDM and breast cancer based on ICD-10 codes. Premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer was pragmatically defined as age at outcome < 50 years and ≥ 50 years, respectively. A proxy for severity of insulin resistance during pregnancy was based on insulin treatment; subsequent diabetes was defined as presence of ICD-10 codes and/or antidiabetic medication after pregnancy. The statistical analyses included Cox regression, logistic regression and t-test.

resultsOf 708,121 women, 3.4% had GDM. The median follow-up period was 11.9 years (range 0-21.9). The overall breast cancer risk was comparable in women with and without previous GDM (adjusted hazard ratio 0.96 [95% CI 0.83-1.12]). Premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer risk also did not differ; however, women with previous GDM had a breast cancer diagnosis at younger age (42.6 vs. 43.5 years, p-value 0.01). All-cause mortality was similar regardless of GDM history. Severity of insulin resistance during pregnancy and subsequent diabetes did not affect breast cancer risk.

conclusionsThis large, population-based cohort study showed no higher risk of incident breast cancer in women with previous GDM compared to women without previous GDM after a median of almost 12 years of follow-up. This was evident irrespective of menopausal state. The breast cancer risk was not influenced by the severity of insulin resistance during pregnancy and by subsequent diabetes development. Regardless of GDM history, attention towards prevention, early detection and treatment of breast cancer should be prioritized.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsDiabetes, GestationalInsulin ResistanceRegistriesAdultAgedCohort StudiesDenmarkFemaleHumansIncidenceMiddle AgedPregnancyRisk FactorsBreast cancerDiabetes in pregnancyGestational diabetesPostmenopausal breast cancerPremenopausal breast cancerRegister-based cohort study

Identifiers

PMID39497166
PMCPMC11533352

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.