ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2024
Causal effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on the risk of atrial fibrillation: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between vascular endothelial growth factor and atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Inflammaging and Senescence-Driven Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Age-Associated Cardiovascular Disease.Biomolecules · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Observational studies have found that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether VEGF levels have a causal effect on the risk of atrial fibrillation. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the causal relationship between VEGF levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Genetic variants associated with VEGF [VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), VEGFR-3] and atrial fibrillation (atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation and flutter) were used as instrumental variables. Data on genetic variants were obtained from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or the IEU Open GWAS project. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was used as the primary basis for the results, and sensitivity analyses were used to reduce bias. Causal relationships were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and a Results: Genetically predicted high levels of VEGF-A [OR = 1.025 (95%CI: 1.004-1.047), Conclusion: This study supports a causal association between high VEGF-D levels and increased risk of atrial fibrillation.
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