Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39490671›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2025

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of suicide and substance-related mortality through middle adulthood.

Theemeshni Govender, Pablo Vidal-Ribas, Jing Yu, Denise L Haynie, Diana Augustin, Stephen E Gilman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Editors' Best of 2024.JAACAP open · 2025
    Article
  6. Innovative Violence Prevention Education for Health Professionals: Project ECHO.Journal of medical education and curricular development
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Theemeshni GovenderSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States. Electronic address: tg22@illinois.edu.
Pablo Vidal-RibasSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Jing YuSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Denise L HaynieSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Diana AugustinSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Stephen E GilmanSocial and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Funding

Social determinants of child development and mental healthZIAHD008976 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI GILMAN, STEPHEN · 2018 to 2025
$14.3M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HD008976
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew studies have prospectively examined whether adverse childhood experiences contribute to suicide or substance-related mortality. Moreover, children are often exposed to multiple adversities making it critical to identify which clusters of adversities are most harmful for these outcomes. Accordingly, we investigated risk for suicide and substance-related mortality based on the number and clusters of adversities children were exposed to.

methodsIdentifying information from 49,853 offspring born between 1959 and 1966 to participants in the Collaborative Perinatal Project was linked to the National Death Index to determine vital status by the end of 2016. We examined associations of the total number of adversities and five clusters of adversity (Low Adversity, Parental Harshness & Neglect, Family Instability, Poverty & Crowded Housing, Poverty & Parental Separation) with suicide and substance-related mortality.

resultsOf the 45,207 participants in the analysis sample, 267 died by suicide and 338 by substance use. Participants who experienced Family Instability had a higher risk of dying by suicide (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.79) and substance use (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.19). Participants who experienced Poverty & Parental Separation were at higher risk of dying by substance use (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.45). LIMITATIONS: Adversities with documented harm including physical and sexual abuse were not assessed in the study.

conclusionsChildhood adversity is associated with multiple types of self-injury mortality, suggesting shared etiology of risk for suicide and substance-related mortality. Research on interventions that target shared pathways linking childhood vulnerability to multiple causes of death may help reduce the long-term impact of adversities.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesSubstance-Related DisordersSuicideAdultChildFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPovertyRisk FactorsYoung AdultAdverse childhood experiencesLongitudinalProspectiveSubstance-related mortalitySuicide mortality

Identifiers

PMID39490671
PMCPMC11786963

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.