Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39489798›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Design of a miniaturized 90-degree quadrature hybrid coupler with harmonic suppression ability using π-shaped lumped elements.

Saeid MahdiAbadi, Saeed Roshani, Fariborz Parandin, Sobhan Roshani

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Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Saeid MahdiAbadiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
Saeed RoshaniDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. s_roshany@yahoo.com.
Fariborz ParandinDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Sobhan RoshaniDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This research presents a new design and fabrication of a quadrature hybrid coupler using π-shaped lumped elements. The proposed π-shaped elements have resulted in ultra-size reduction and harmonic suppression ability simultaneously. The proposed coupler correctly works at 800 MHz, the insertion loss is less than 0.15 dB and more than 26 dB, isolation and return loss are obtained at the operating frequency. The size of the proposed coupler is only 12.8 mm ×12.2 mm, which is equal to 0.046 λg × 0.044 λg, where λg is of the guided-wavelength at 800 MHz. The conventional coupler has a large size of 0.25 λg × 0.25 λg, which is equal to 68.5 mm × 68.5 mm. The proposed coupler provides about 96% size reduction compared to the conventional coupler. Moreover, the proposed quadrature hybrid coupler has wide harmonic suppression from 2.1 GHz to 10 GHz.

Identifiers

PMID39489798
PMCPMC11532493

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.