Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39489602›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of educational psychology2025

Academic language use in middle school informational writing.

Cherish M Sarmiento, Adrea J Truckenmiller, Eunsoo Cho, Heqiao Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of educational psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Academic language use in middle school informational writing.The British journal of educational psychology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cherish M SarmientoSchool of Teacher Education and Leadership, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2328-1007
Adrea J TruckenmillerDepartment of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6101-6175
Eunsoo ChoSchool of Education, University of California, Riverside, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-484X
Heqiao WangDepartment of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-5070

Funding

Institute of Education Sciences R305A210061
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLearning to write the complex academic language (AL) associated with a discipline (like science) is a critical task in education, with middle school being a key developmental period. However, we need more research to guide how we assess students' learning to write AL, especially if we want to create assessment that guides more effective instruction.

aimsWe evaluated middle school students' informational writing for six different measures of AL to determine which ones were most strongly related to writing quality and were most indicative of the unique features of informational writing. We also examined which metrics were sensitive to growth across middle school. SAMPLE: Our sample consists of informational compositions from 285 students in Grade 5 (n = 175) and Grade 8 (n = 110) in a Midwestern state in the United States.

methodsPath modelling was used to determine the degree to which the AL metrics are associated with writing quality and narrativity in each grade.

resultsOverall, the six measures of AL explained 70% of the variance in students' writing quality. We found that a new measure, number of long words, outperformed other more established measures at the word level and should be used in assessment of informational writing quality. We also found that automated scores at the sentence level better detected development across middle school grade levels than typical rubrics of writing quality.

conclusionResults provide promising avenues for the assessment of malleable aspects of AL in middle school informational writing.

Indexed as

LanguageLearningStudentsWritingChildFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsassessmentconcepts of teachingexpressive languageliteracy‐writingmethodological issuesvocabulary

Identifiers

PMID39489602
PMCPMC12068036

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.