Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39487483›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2024

Gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to United States poison centers, 2012-2022.

Emily J R Carter, Natalie I Rine, Sandhya Kistamgari, Hannah L Hays, Henry A Spiller, Jingzhen Yang, Motao Zhu, Gary A Smith

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Gabapentinoid Dispensing to Children and Adolescents in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Emily J R CarterCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Natalie I RineCentral Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Sandhya KistamgariCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Hannah L HaysCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Henry A SpillerCentral Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Jingzhen YangCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Motao ZhuCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Gary A SmithCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. gary.smith@nationwidechildrens.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGabapentin and pregabalin were originally introduced as anticonvulsant medications but are now also prescribed on- and off-label for multiple medical disorders, especially for pain management. The national opioid crisis has led to increased use of non-opioid pain medications, including gabapentinoids, which has been associated with changing patterns of adverse events associated with these medications. This study investigated the characteristics and trends of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to US poison centers from 2012 to 2022.

methodsNational Poison Data System data involving gabapentin and pregabalin exposures for 2012 to 2022 were analyzed.

resultsThere were 124,161 exposures involving gabapentin and pregabalin as the primary substance reported to US poison centers during the study period. Most exposures involved gabapentin (85.9%), females (59.4%), single-substance exposures (62.9%), or occurred at a residence (97.2%). Suspected suicides accounted for 45.2% of exposures. Most exposures were associated with a minor effect (27.4%) or no effect (34.0%), while 22.1% experienced a serious medical outcome, including 96 fatalities. The rate of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures per one million US population increased by 236.1% from 22.7 in 2012 to 76.5 in 2019 (P < 0.001), followed by a non-significant decrease to 68.5 in 2022 (P = 0.068).

conclusionsThe rate of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to US poison centers increased by more than 230% from 2012 to 2019 before plateauing from 2019 to 2022. The observed rate trend was driven primarily by gabapentin exposures and by cases associated with suspected suicide. Although most exposures were associated with a minor or no effect, 22% of individuals experienced a serious medical outcome, including 96 fatalities. These findings contribute to the discussion of rescheduling gabapentin as a federally controlled substance, which is the current status of pregabalin. Prevention of suicide associated with gabapentin and pregabalin merits special attention.

Indexed as

GabapentinGabapentinoidPregabalinSuicideToxicity

Identifiers

PMID39487483
PMCPMC11529557

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.