ArticleScientific reports2024
Variable orthogonality of serine integrase interactions within the ϕC31 family.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Large serine recombinase-mediated gene insertion for high-throughput screens: advantages, design principles, and applications.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- In vitro properties of large serine integrase hybrids derived from ϕC31 and TG1 integrases.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A new-engineered integrative tool to target the terminal compartment of the Streptomyces chromosome.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Plasmid2MC: efficient cell-free generation of high-purity minicircle DNA for genome editing in mammalian cells.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Identification of cognate recombination directionality factors for large serine recombinases by virtual pulldown.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Large serine integrases utilise scavenged phage proteins as directionality cofactors.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Structural basis of directionality control in large serine integrases.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- There and turn back again: the application of phage serine integrases in eukaryotic systems.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
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Abstract
Serine integrases are phage- (or mobile element-) encoded enzymes that catalyse site-specific recombination reactions between a short DNA sequence on the phage genome (attP) and a corresponding host genome sequence (attB), thereby integrating the phage DNA into the host genome. Each integrase has its unique pair of attP and attB sites, a feature that allows them to be used as orthogonal tools for genome modification applications. In the presence of a second protein, the Recombination Directionality Factor (RDF), integrase catalyses the reverse excisive reaction, generating new recombination sites, attR and attL. In addition to promoting attR x attL reaction, the RDF inhibits attP x attB recombination. This feature makes the directionality of integrase reactions programmable, allowing them to be useful for building synthetic biology devices. In this report, we describe the degree of orthogonality of both integrative and excisive reactions for three related integrases (ϕC31, ϕBT1, and TG1) and their RDFs. Among these, TG1 integrase is the most active, showing near complete recombination in both attP x attB and attR x attL reactions, and the most directional in the presence of its RDF. Our findings show that there is varying orthogonality among these three integrases - RDF pairs. ϕC31 integrase was the least selective, with all three RDFs activating it for attR x attL recombination. Similarly, ϕC31 RDF was the least effective among the three RDFs in promoting the excisive activities of the integrases, including its cognate ϕC31 integrase. ϕBT1 and TG1 RDFs were noticeably more effective than ϕC31 RDF at inhibiting attP x attB recombination by their respective integrases, making them more suitable for building reversible genetic switches. AlphaFold-Multimer predicts very similar structural interactions between each cognate integrase - RDF pair. The binding surface on the RDF is much more conserved than the binding surface on the integrase, an indication that specificity is determined more by the integrase than the RDF. Overall, the observed weak integrase/RDF orthogonality across the three enzymes emphasizes the need for identifying and characterizing more integrase - RDF pairs. Additionally, the ability of a particular integrase's preferred reaction direction to be controlled to varying degrees by non-cognate RDFs provides a path to tunable, non-binary genetic switches.
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