Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39485606›Full record

ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2025

Exploring Perspectives on HIV Vulnerability Communication among Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients and Primary Care Providers.

Hill L Wolfe, Jaclyn M W Hughto, Jennifer Siegel, Gemmae M Fix, Tonia C Poteat, Carl G Streed, Landon D Hughes, Em Balkan, Mari-Lynn Drainoni

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hill L WolfeDepartment of Biomedical Informatics & Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, 100 College Street, Floor 9, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. hill.wolfe@yale.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-8834-1560
Jaclyn M W HughtoCenter for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Jennifer SiegelDivision of General Internal Medicine, Transgender Health Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Gemmae M FixSection of General Internal Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Tonia C PoteatDuke University School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Carl G StreedSection of General Internal Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Landon D HughesHarvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Em BalkanDepartment of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Mari-Lynn DrainoniSection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center & Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

Integrated Care for Addiction, HIV and HCV Research and Education (ICAHRE)T32DA041898 · NIDA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI Rachel Sayko Adams, Michael D Stein · 2017 to 2026
$3.8M
National Institute of Drug Abuse T32-DA041898NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA041898
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals represent a population with a heavy burden of HIV. Multi-level stigma encountered by TGD individuals can create significant barriers to discussing topics related to HIV prevention; however, research on communication between TGD patients and primary care providers (PCPs) about HIV vulnerability and prevention remains limited. This study used in-depth qualitative interviews with 25 TGD patients and 15 PCPs conducted in 2022 to explore perspectives on HIV vulnerability communication during primary care encounters. Overall, 14 of the TGD patients were nonbinary, genderqueer, or another gender identity; all but two participants identified as a sexual minority. The majority of PCPs (n = 11) were physicians. The range of years practicing medicine was between two and 39 years. Thematic analysis was used to organize codes and establish themes. Three broad themes regarding factors that facilitate communication regarding HIV vulnerability were identified: (1) focusing on behaviors over identities, (2) conveying impartiality, and (3) acknowledging individuality among TGD patients. Findings corroborate earlier research that identified strengths in providers refraining from behavior-based assumptions tied to a patient's gender identity and sexual orientation and conveying impartial and nonjudgmental attitudes when discussing behaviors that can increase HIV vulnerability. Additionally, these findings underscore the significance of recognizing that, within the TGD community, all persons have unique circumstances, preferences, and needs. Future work should continue to explore the dynamics of HIV vulnerability and prevention discussions, especially among TGD individuals from diverse backgrounds and regions, to identify strategies for strengthening patient-provider communication and reducing vulnerability to HIV.

Indexed as

CommunicationHIV InfectionsPhysician-Patient RelationsSexual and Gender MinoritiesTransgender PersonsAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareQualitative ResearchSocial StigmaHIVPatient–provider communicationPrimary care providersSexual orientationTransgender and gender diverse

Identifiers

PMID39485606

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.