ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2024
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 virus exposure in domestic cats and rural stray cats, the Netherlands, October 2020 to June 2023.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among owned and feral cats in Philadelphia and surrounding communities.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 clade 2.3.4.4 and human new pandemic H1N1 virus exposure in domestic cats with outdoor access in the Netherlands in 2024.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Development of a C5-Azidoacetamide-Modified 4-Amino-2,3-Difluorosialic Acid Activity-Based Probe for Labeling of Influenza A Neuraminidases.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Influenza A Virus H5N1 Subtype: Resurgent Interspecies and Intercontinental Transmission, and a New Host.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Marked neurotropism and potential adaptation of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4.b virus in naturally infected domestic cats.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Hunting-training dogs and companion dogs in the Netherlands are frequently exposed to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI H5) and human H1N1 virus, 2021-2023.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- The Seroprevalence of Influenza A Virus Infections in Polish Cats During a Feline H5N1 Influenza Outbreak in 2023.Viruses · 2025Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Cats (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Avian Influenza Virus Infections in Felines: A Systematic Review of Two Decades of Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Cats as sentinels of mammal exposure to H5Nx avian influenza viruses: a seroprevalence study, France, December 2023 to January 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Multisystemic manifestations of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in a young domestic shorthair cat.JFMS open reportsArticle
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10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundHighly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx and human H1N1pdm2009 influenza viruses can infect cats. Infections in cats may result in viral adaptations or recombinant viruses, which may facilitate zoonotic transfer.AimWe aimed to investigate the presence of HPAI H5 clade 2.3.4.4 and H1 influenza viruses and antibodies to these viruses in domestic and rural stray cats in the Netherlands and factors associated with exposure.MethodsSera from stray and domestic cats, sampled 2020-2023, were analysed by ELISA and confirmed by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) and pharyngeal swabs and lung tissue for influenza A virus by RT-qPCR.ResultsIn 701 stray cats, 83 (11.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.5-14.5) sera were positive for HPAI H5 and 65 findings were confirmed. In HAI, two sera were positive for both HPAI H5 and H1. In 871 domestic cats, four (0.46%; 95% CI: 0.13-1.2) sera were HPAI H5 positive and none were confirmed but 40 (4.6%; 95% CI: 3.3-6.2) sera were seropositive for H1 and 26 were confirmed. Stray cats living in nature reserves (odds ratio (OR) = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.5-20.1) and older cats (OR = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.7-7.1) were more likely to be HPAI H5 seropositive. No influenza A virus was detected in 230 cats.ConclusionThe higher HPAI H5 seroprevalence in stray cats compared with domestic cats suggests more frequent viral exposure, most likely due to foraging on wild birds. In contrast, exposure to H1 was more common in domestic cats compared with stray cats.
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