ArticleNeuroSci2022
Long COVID and the Autonomic Nervous System: The Journey from Dysautonomia to Therapeutic Neuro-Modulation through the Retrospective Analysis of 152 Patients.
Article in NeuroSci, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Autonomic dysfunction and quality of life in a cohort of neurology outpatients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, a two-year follow-up study.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026Article
- Lingering echoes of SARS-CoV-2: mechanistic insights and management of long COVID syndrome.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- From infection to intervention: post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cardiovascular risk.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- How and Why to Add Autonomic Phenotyping and Autonomic Balancing Interventions Into Eating Disorder Treatment.The International journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Five-Element Regulatory Therapy for post-COVID syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of oral health status and immunological parameters of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during acute and recovery phases: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Article
- The interplay between Sars-Cov-2 infection related cardiovascular diseases and depression. Common mechanisms, shared symptoms.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2024Review
- Neurons cytoskeletal architecture remodeling during the replication cycle of mouse coronavirus MHV-JHM: a morphological in vitro study.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Eye movements in patients with post-COVID condition.Biomedical optics express · 2023Article
- Featured Papers inNeuroSci · 2023Article
- Post-COVID Dysautonomias: The Importance of Early Recognition and Implementation of Recovery Programs.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2023Article
- Long COVID and rheumatology: Clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2022Review
- Long-COVID Syndrome and the Cardiovascular System: A Review of Neurocardiologic Effects on Multiple Systems.Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
- Autonomic Testing Optimizes Therapy for Heart Failure and Related Cardiovascular Disorders.Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
- Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Monitoring Identifies Earliest Signs of Autonomic Neuropathy.NeuroSci · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe severity and prevalence of Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequela (PACS) or long-COVID syndrome (long COVID) should not be a surprise. Long-COVID symptoms may be explained by oxidative stress and parasympathetic and sympathetic (P&S) dysfunction. This is a retrospective, hypothesis generating, outcomes study.
methodsFrom two suburban practices in northeastern United States, 152 long COVID patients were exposed to the following practices: (1) first, they were P&S tested (P&S Monitor 4.0; Physio PS, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA) prior to being infected with COVID-19 due to other causes of autonomic dysfunction; (2) received a pre-COVID-19 follow-up P&S test after autonomic therapy; (3) then, they were infected with COVID-19; (4) P&S tested within three months of surviving the COVID-19 infection with long-COVID symptoms; and, finally, (5) post-COVID-19, follow-up P&S tested, again, after autonomic therapy. All the patients completed autonomic questionnaires with each test. This cohort included 88 females (57.8%), with an average age of 47.0 years (ranging from 14 to 79 years), and an average BMI of 26.9 #/in
resultsMore pre-COVID-19 patients presented with sympathetic withdrawal than parasympathetic excess. Post-COVID-19, these patients presented with this ratio reversed and, on average, 49.9% more autonomic symptoms than they did pre-COVID-19. DISCUSSION: Both parasympathetic excess and sympathetic withdrawal are separate and treatable autonomic dysfunctions and autonomic treatment significantly reduces the prevalence of autonomic symptoms.
conclusionSARS-CoV-2, via its oxidative stress, can lead to P&S dysfunction, which, in turn, affects the control and coordination of all systems throughout the whole body and may explain all of the symptoms of long-COVID syndrome. Autonomic therapy leads to positive outcomes and patient quality of life may be restored.
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