ArticlePloS one2024
Clinical features of and severity risk factors for COVID-19 in adults during the predominance of SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants in Okinawa, Japan.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Observational
- Incidence of COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization by Vaccination Status in Children and Adolescents During Omicron-Dominant Period in Japan: The VENUS Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir reduced mortality in severe or critical COVID-19 patients: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
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15 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveSince 2023, COVID-19 induced by SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants have been a global epidemic. The XBB variant-induced epidemic was largest in the Okinawa Prefecture among areas in Japan, and healthcare institutions have been burdened by increased COVID-19 hospitalizations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of XBB variant-induced COVID-19 and risk factors for severe COVID-19.
methodsThis retrospective study included adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May and July 2023 at four tertiary medical institutions in Okinawa, Japan. Patients with bacterial infection-related complications were excluded. According to oxygen supplementation and intensive care unit admission, patients were divided into two groups, mild and severe. Patient backgrounds, symptoms, and outcomes were compared between both groups, and the risk factors for severe COVID-19 were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
resultsIn total of 367 patients included, the median age was 75 years, with 18.5% classified into the severe group. The all-cause mortality rate was 4.9%. Patients in the severe group were more older, had more underlying diseases, and had a higher mortality rate (13.2%) than those in the mild group (3.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-3.772), whereas bivalent omicron booster vaccination was an independent factor for less severe COVID-19 (95% CI, 0.203-0.862).
conclusionThis study implies that assessing risk factors in older adults is particularly important in the era of omicron variants.
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