Trial reportNature communications2024
Risk-stratified treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT02410772 (Rifapentine-containing Treatment Shortening Regimens for Pulmonary Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Rifapentine-containing Treatment Shortening Regimens for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized, Open-label, Controlled Phase 3 Clinical Trial. TBTC Study 31, ACTG Study A5349
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pharmacokinetics and Dose Optimization of Ethambutol in Children on First-Line Antituberculosis Therapy: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Treatment shortening and relapse control in drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis: a network meta-analysis of randomized trials.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and clofazimine for rifampicin-resistant and fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis (endTB-Q): an open-label, multicentre, stratified, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2025Trial
- Insights into the Role of Rifampicin Exposure and Clinical Baseline Covariates on the Response to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Future Prospects for Using Clinical Phenotypes in Tuberculosis Precision Medicine-An Approach for Clinical Management.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Review
- Convolutional neural networks quantify antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with diagnostic grade accuracy and predict treatment response.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Treatment of asymptomatic tuberculosis: Protocol for a systematic review of treatment strategies, regimens, and clinical outcomes.PloS one · 2026Article
- New drugs for the management of tuberculosis.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- An Integrated Data-Driven Model for Clinical Phenotyping of Tuberculosis Disease Severity.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The health impact of identifying a person with tuberculosis through systematic screening.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Determinants of treatment success and cost implications in MDR/RR-TB patients: a prospective cohort study in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anti-TB Drugs for Drug-Sensitive and Drug-ResistantCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- A Year in Review on Tuberculosis and Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Disease: A 2025 Update for Clinicians and Scientists.Pathogens & immunity · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
28 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Phase 3 randomized controlled trial, TBTC Study 31/ACTG A5349 (NCT02410772) demonstrated that a 4-month rifapentine-moxifloxacin regimen for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis was safe and effective. The primary efficacy outcome was 12-month tuberculosis disease free survival, while the primary safety outcome was the proportion of grade 3 or higher adverse events during the treatment period. We conducted an analysis of demographic, clinical, microbiologic, radiographic, and pharmacokinetic data and identified risk factors for unfavorable outcomes and adverse events. Among participants receiving the rifapentine-moxifloxacin regimen, low rifapentine exposure is the strongest driver of tuberculosis-related unfavorable outcomes (HR 0.65 for every 100 µg∙h/mL increase, 95%CI 0.54-0.77). The only other risk factors identified are markers of higher baseline disease severity, namely Xpert MTB/RIF cycle threshold and extent of disease on baseline chest radiography (Xpert: HR 1.43 for every 3-cycle-threshold decrease, 95%CI 1.07-1.91; extensive disease: HR 2.02, 95%CI 1.07-3.82). From these risk factors, we developed a simple risk stratification to classify disease phenotypes as easier-, moderately-harder, or harder-to-treat TB. Notably, high rifapentine exposures are not associated with any predefined adverse safety outcomes. Our results suggest that the easier-to-treat subgroup may be eligible for further treatment shortening while the harder-to-treat subgroup may need higher doses or longer treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.