ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2025
Hospital-recorded chronic health conditions in children with and without Down syndrome in England: a national cohort of births from 2003 to 2019.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The association between disability and mortality among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Mainstream or special secondary school for the health, education, and well-being of adolescents with Down syndrome: A systematic review.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of special educational needs and disability provision in English primary schools using administrative health and education data in the ECHILD database.International journal of population data science · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objective is to describe age-specific cumulative incidence for hospital-recorded indicators of chronic health conditions (CHCs) in children with Down syndrome (DS) compared with children without DS.
designNational birth cohort using hospital admission and death records.
settingNational Health Service (NHS)-funded hospitals in England. POPULATION: Liveborn, singleton infants born in NHS-funded hospitals between 2003 and 2019.
main outcome measuresCumulative incidence of nine categories of hospital-recorded CHCs, multimorbidity and mortality.
resultsWe identified 10 621 infants with DS among 9 631 646 liveborn, singleton infants (0.11%). Among children with DS, the cumulative incidence for any indicated CHC was 90.1% by age 16, as compared with 21.2% of children without DS. By age 16, a third of children (33.1%) with DS had CHCs affecting four or more body systems; only 6.0% of children without DS had CHCs indicated in more than one body system. The most common CHCs in children with DS were severe congenital heart defects, indicated in 57.2% (0.8% in children without DS). The estimated HR for mortality up to age 16 comparing children with versus without DS was 15.26 (95% CI: 14.15, 16.45).
conclusionsChildren with DS had a higher cumulative incidence for CHCs in each body system category and subcategory, at all ages, than children without DS. Multimorbidity and mortality were higher among children with DS. Administrative data can be used to examine the health needs and healthcare use of children with DS throughout childhood and adolescence.
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