Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39477277›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2024

Breadth and visibility of children's lower limb chronic musculoskeletal pain: a scoping review.

Emre Ilhan, Luke Davies, Verity Pacey, Mitchell Smith, Jane Munro, Craig Munns, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Nicole Williams, Louise Tofts, Vance Locke and 8 more

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Treatment for primary avascular necrosis of the lower limb in childhood.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Emre IlhanDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4075-0733
Luke DaviesDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Verity PaceyDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Mitchell SmithSchool of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Jane MunroDepartment of Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Craig MunnsFaculty of Medicine and Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Elizabeth SturgissSchool of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nicole WilliamsFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Louise ToftsDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Vance LockeWestern Kids Health, Shenton Park, Western Australia, Australia.
Terry HainesSchool of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sue E BrennanSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Stephen MaloneySchool of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Mitchell N SarkiesSydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7318-3598
Ornella ClavisiMusculoskeletal Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Dan MilesAustralian Podiatry Association, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Lisa NissenCentre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Cylie WilliamsSchool of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia cylie.williams@monash.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-0223-9141

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo identify the types of conditions reported in peer-reviewed literature that result in chronic musculoskeletal lower limb pain in children and adolescents and explore the alignment of these conditions with the chronic pain reporting codes indexed in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11).

designThis scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA SOURCES: Five electronic databases were searched (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Articles involving children and adolescents under 18 years and reporting on chronic musculoskeletal pain of the lower limb were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: We assigned an ICD-11 code to each condition based on details reported in the study. We recorded whether any of the presenting conditions were linked to an ICD-11 chronic pain manifestation code.

resultsFrom 12 343 records, 418 papers were included. There were 124 unique conditions associated with chronic lower limb pain, the most commonly reported being chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (24 studies) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (26 studies). Only 11.1% of presenting conditions were linked to an ICD-11 chronic pain manifestation code.

conclusionMost presenting conditions associated with chronic pain in the lower limb do not have a chronic pain manifestation code in the new global standard for recording health information. This means chronic pain associated with common lower limb conditions may remain invisible in global statistics.

Indexed as

Chronic PainInternational Classification of DiseasesLower ExtremityMusculoskeletal PainAdolescentChildHumansAdolescentChronic PainCommunity child healthPaediatric orthopaedics

Identifiers

PMID39477277
PMCPMC11529614

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.