ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2024
Evaluating the Implementation and Clinical Effectiveness of an Innovative Digital First Care Model for Behavioral Health Using the RE-AIM Framework: Quantitative Evaluation.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Harnessing digital health interventions to address the heterogeneity of depression: a systematic review.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Pooled it
- Moving beyond global scores: the added value of clinical dimensions for assessing HRQoL in mental disorders.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Integrating digital therapeutics for patients with mental illness into clinical practice: perspectives for US healthcare professionals.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Evaluating a Website on Learning Disorders for Parents and Learning Therapists: Observational Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Observational
- Digital mental health treatment implementation playbook: successful practices from implementation experiences in American healthcare organizations.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, innovation is needed to address the increasing need for mental health care services and widen the patient-to-provider ratio. Despite the benefits of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), they have not been effective in addressing patients' behavioral health challenges as stand-alone treatments.
objectiveThis study evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of precision behavioral health (PBH), a digital-first behavioral health care model embedded within routine primary care that refers patients to an ecosystem of evidence-based DMHIs with strategically placed human support.
methodsPatient demographic information, triage visit outcomes, multidimensional patient-reported outcome measure, enrollment, and engagement with the DMHIs were analyzed using data from the electronic health record and vendor-reported data files. The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was used to evaluate the implementation and clinical effectiveness outcomes of PBH.
resultsPBH had a 47.58% reach rate, defined as patients accepting the PBH referral from their behavioral health integrated clinician. PBH patients had high DMHI registration rates (79.62%), high activation rates (76.54%), and high retention rates at 15 days (57.69%) and 30 days (44.58%) compared to literature benchmarks. In total, 74.01% (n=168) of patients showed clinical improvement, 22.47% (n=51) showed no clinical change, and 3.52% (n=8) showed clinical deterioration in symptoms. PBH had high adoption rates, with behavioral health integrated clinicians referring on average 4.35 (SD 0.46) patients to PBH per month and 90%-100% of clinicians (n=12) consistently referring at least 1 patient to PBH each month. A third (32%, n=1114) of patients were offered PBH as a treatment option during their triage visit.
conclusionsPBH as a care model with evidence-based DMHIs, human support for patients, and integration within routine settings offers a credible service to support patients with mild to moderate mental health challenges. This type of model has the potential to address real-life access to care problems faced by health care settings.
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