ArticleArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia2024
Causal Relationship between Television Viewing Time, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Potential Mechanisms.
Article in Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease Living in a Low-Income Region: Cross-Sectional Associations with Clinical, Behavioral and Sociodemographic Factors.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Is This a Causal Relationship? Mendelian Randomization as a Statistical Method for Unraveling Connections.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAs the predominant leisure-time sedentary behavior, television viewing was documented to increase cardiovascular diseases in observational studies, yet the causal relationship and potential mechanisms remain to be determined.
objectivesTo systematically investigate the causal relationship between television viewing time, cardiovascular diseases, and potential mechanisms.
methodsWe conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate causal associations with cardiovascular diseases and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk. The random inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary estimate. To account for multiple comparisons, a Bonferroni correction p value for cardiovascular diseases and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk was 0.0045 and 0.0024, respectively.
resultsGenetically instrumented television viewing time was associated with higher risks of type 2 diabetes (odd ratio [OR]=2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89-3.33; p<0.00001), hypertension (OR=2.11; 95% CI: 1.67-2.66; p<0.00001), coronary heart disease (OR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.23-1.91; p=0.00015), and heart failure (OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.18-1.70; p=0.00017). Suggestive evidence of harmful associations was also observed for peripheral artery disease (OR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.07-2.34; p=0.02253) and ischemic stroke (OR=1.34; 95% CI: 1.10-1.63; p=0.00328). Biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, including interleukin 10, leptin, visceral adipose, abdominal subcutaneous adipose, liver fat, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, were increased. Systolic blood pressure, heart rate, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol were potentially increased while high-density lipoprotein was decreased. However, television viewing time had no effect on venous thromboembolism or pulmonary embolism.
conclusionTelevision viewing time was causally associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, which may be explained by metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms.
backgroundAn overview of the effect of television viewing time on cardiovascular diseases and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk.
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