ArticleHealth science reports2024
From Routine to Crisis: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Consumption in Iran.
Article in Health science reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Antibiotic resistance and bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 patients in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hospitalized and non-hospitalized cases.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A comprehensive descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analysis of antibiotic products' demand pre-, amid, and post-COVID-19 in Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the healthcare sector, influencing patients, providers, and the overall system. This study evaluates how the pandemic affected antibiotic prescriptions among 44 million Iranians insured by the Social Security Organization (SSO). Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, we utilized monthly aggregated data on antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 individuals insured by the SSO. We employed a single-group interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) over a period of 72 months, from March 20, 2016 to February 19, 2020 for the pre-pandemic phase, and from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2022, for the during-pandemic period. Additionally, we conducted a multiple-group ITSA to assess the differential impact of the pandemic on antibiotic consumption between the direct (SSO-owned medical centers) and indirect (other private or public centers contracted by the SSO) sectors. Results: The study revealed a 30% reduction in the monthly average antibiotic consumption rate when comparing the during-pandemic period to pre-pandemic usage across the total sector. The results from the single-group ITSA indicated that the mean antibiotic consumption per 1000 individuals at baseline was 1664. Following the onset of the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in antibiotic prescriptions, dropping to 484 per 1000 individuals ( Conclusions: Our study found a significant reduction in antibiotic consumption. Further research is needed to compare antibiotic use between hospitals and outpatient centers, as well as among COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.