ArticleFrontiers in psychology2024
An international estimate of the prevalence of differing visual imagery abilities.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- 'Substitute' knowledge of results provided through virtual reality enhances motor imagery-based learning.Psychological research · 2026Trial
- One size Fitts' all? Reconsidering the use of deviations from real-time action imagery in mental chronometry tasks.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- A shared code for perceiving and imagining objects in human ventral temporal cortex.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Mental imagery modulates bistable perception in a modality-specific manner.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Measuring the Subjective Signal Strength: Validating Persian Vividness of Visual Mental Imagery Questionnaire-2.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Vividness of visual imagery is associated with perceived clarity of recall but not with accuracy during exams.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Leaving space for imagination: mental imagery-informed teaching framework for enhancing imagery vividness in creative writing.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Greater neural overlap between motor imagery and working memory than with movement execution: A meta-analytic comparison.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this research was to establish prevalence estimates for aphantasia, hypophantasia, typical imagery ability, and hyperphantasia in a large multi-national cohort. In Study 1, the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire was completed by 3,049 participants. Results indicated prevalence estimates of 1.2% for aphantasia, 3% for hypophantasia, 89.9% for typical imagery ability, and 5.9% for hyperphantasia. In Study 2, to replicate these findings in a larger sample, the Study 1 data were combined with openly available data from previous prevalence studies to create a total sample of 9,063 participants. Re-analysis of this data confirmed prevalence estimates of 0.9% for aphantasia, 3.3% for hypophantasia, 89.7% for typical imagery ability, and 6.1% for hyperphantasia. These robust and up-to-date estimates provide enhanced clarity to researchers regarding the prevalence of differing visual imagery abilities and provide a platform for future studies exploring the role of visual imagery in various cognitive and behavioral tasks.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.