ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2024
Establishing prognostic models for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on immune cells.
Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization combined with PD-1 versus PD-L1 inhibitors in mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant liver tumor that is challenging to treat and manage and current prognostic models for the disease are inefficient or ineffective. Tumor-associated immune cells are critical for tumor development and progression. The main goal of this study was to establish models based on tumor-associated immune cells for predicting the overall survival of patients undergoing surgery for ICC.
aimTo establish 1-year and 3-year prognostic models for ICC after surgical resection.
methodsImmunohistochemical staining was performed for CD4, CD8, CD20, pan-cytokeratin (CK), and CD68 in tumors and paired adjacent tissues from 141 patients with ICC who underwent curative surgery. Selection of variables was based on regression diagnostic procedures and goodness-of-fit tests (PH assumption). Clinical parameters and pathological diagnoses, combined with the distribution of immune cells in tumors and paired adjacent tissues, were utilized to establish 1- and 3-year prognostic models.
resultsThis is an important application of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. CD4, CD8, CD20, and CK were included in the establishment of our prognostic model by stepwise selection, whereas CD68 was not significantly associated with the prognosis of ICC. By integrating clinical data associated with ICC, distinct prognostic models were derived for 1- and 3-year survival outcomes using variable selection. The 1-year prediction model yielded a C-index of 0.76 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.65-0.87 and the 3-year prediction model produced a C-index of 0.69 (95%CI: 0.65-0.73). Internal validation yielded a C-index of 0.761 (95%CI: 0.669-0.853) for the 1-year model and 0.693 (95%CI: 0.642-0.744) for the 3-year model.
conclusionWe developed Cox regression models for 1-year and 3-year survival predictions of patients with ICC who underwent resection, which has positive implications for establishing a more comprehensive prognostic model for ICC based on tumor immune microenvironment and immune cell changes in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.