Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39473598›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2024

Risk factors associated with cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in humans in Bangladesh.

Sukanta Chowdhury, Md Saiful Islam, Najmul Haider, Muhammad Belal Hossain, Md Ashraful Alam, Md Ahmad Raihan Sharif, M Salim Uzzaman, Mahbubur Rahman, Mahmudur Rahman, Farhana Haque

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sukanta ChowdhuryInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Saiful IslamInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Najmul HaiderInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Muhammad Belal HossainInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Ashraful AlamInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Ahmad Raihan SharifInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
M Salim UzzamanInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mahbubur RahmanInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mahmudur RahmanInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Farhana HaqueInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Funding

CGH CDC HHS U01 GH001207
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the risk factors associated with cutaneous anthrax infection in humans. Methods: During 2013-2016, we investigated total 26 anthrax outbreaks across the country. We additionally conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors by recruiting four controls for each enrolled case. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated to identify risk factors using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Over the study period, a total of 1,210 suspected cutaneous anthrax cases were identified in seven districts of Bangladesh. Most of the cases (61%, Conclusion: Prior cut injuries on exposed body areas during meat handling and slaughtering of sick livestock were identified as potential risk factors for cutaneous anthrax, highlighting the importance of preventing the slaughter of sick animals. However, stopping slaughtering sick livestock, handling meat and livestock by-products to reduce anthrax exposures from livestock to humans may be difficult to achieve given the associated financial incentives in Bangladesh. Interventions such as hand washing with soap during slaughtering and processing meat can be targeted to affected communities to ameliorate some risk.

Indexed as

AnthraxDisease OutbreaksSkin Diseases, BacterialAdolescentAdultAnimalsBangladeshCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleMeatMiddle AgedanthraxBangladeshhumanoutbreakrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID39473598
PMCPMC11518833

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.