ArticleBMC public health2024
Associations between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with gallstones: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2017-2018.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex-Specific Responses to Intermittent Fasting: A Narrative Review Across Physiological, Clinical, and Psychosocial Contexts.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Association between Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and gallstones: A cross-sectional analysis from NHANES 2017-2023.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Associations between lipid accumulation indices and gallstone prevalence in Chinese elderly: a community-based study in Fuzhou.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Positive association between cardiometabolic index and gallstones, with greater impact on women and those younger than 50 years: the NHANES 2017-2020 cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between Atherogenic index of plasma and gallstones in the United States adults: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2017-2020.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Inverse association between dietary fiber intake and gallstone disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The roles of lifestyle factors and genetic risk in the association between night shift work and cholelithiasis: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association between weekend catch-up sleep and gallstone disease in US adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017-2020.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundGallstones are strongly associated with eating occasion (EO) and energy distribution, but few studies have addressed this aspect. Therefore, we utilize the data from 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore the association between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with the incidence of gallstones.
methodsOur study comprised participants who completed the NHANES dietary intake interview and self-reported health questionnaire at age 20 or older. The self-report method for gallstones (have you ever been told by a doctor) was used. We use the latent class analysis (LCA) identified temporal eating patterns, and identified energy distribution patterns through latent profile analysis (LPA). The association between temporal eating patterns, energy distribution patterns, and gallstones was examined using logistic regression modeling.
resultsThe study included a total of 4,692 participants. LCA identified four temporal eating patterns labeled as "Conventional," "Early breakfast," "Later breakfast," and "Grazing." Compared to the "Conventional" pattern, the "Early breakfast" pattern (OR 0.809, 95%CI 0.808-0.811) was associated with a reduced risk of gallstones, while the "Later breakfast" (OR 1.435, 95%CI 1.432-1.438) and "Grazing" (OR 1.147, 95%CI 1.145-1.148) patterns were associated with an increased risk of gallstones. LPA identified four energy distribution patterns labeled as "Guideline," "High carbohydrates," "Carbs-fat balance," and "High fat." The "High carbohydrates" pattern (OR 1.329, 95%CI 1.326-1.331) was associated with an increased risk of gallstones compared to the "Guideline" pattern. The "Carbs-fat balance" pattern (OR 0.877, 95%CI 0.876-0.879) and the "High fat" pattern (OR 0.848, 95%CI 0.846-0.850) were significantly and negatively associated with the risk of gallstones.
conclusionsTo summarize, inappropriate timing of eating and energy sources are associated with gallstones. As a dietary prevention measure for gallstones, we suggest adhering to a regular eating routine and avoiding overly casual and frequent food consumption. If the main EO routine occurs in the morning, this time should not exceed 9:00 a.m. Additionally, reducing carbohydrate intake and maintaining a moderate level of fat intake is believed to contribute to a lower risk of gallstones.
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