ArticleBMC psychiatry2024
Association of antipsychotic drugs on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort and in vitro glucose homeostasis-related gene expression study.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07446218 (Impact of Pharmacist-Led Interventions in Psychiatric Patients on Second Generation Antipsychotics), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Pharmacist-Led Interventions in Psychiatric Patients on Second Generation Antipsychotics
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigating antidiabetic drug targets as potential therapeutic modulators for schizophrenia.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A genetic atlas of relationships between circulating metabolites and liability to psychiatric conditions.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A review of risk factors and intervention measures for comorbidity of diabetes and mental disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related complications are associated with schizophrenia. However, the relationship between antipsychotic medications (APs) and T2DM risk remains unclear. In this population-based, retrospective cohort study across the country, we investigated schizophrenia and the effect of APs on the risk of T2DM, and glucose homeostasis-related gene expression.
methodsWe used information from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan for individuals newly diagnosed with schizophrenia (N = 4,606) and a disease-free control cohort (N = 4,606). The differences in rates of development of T2DM between the two cohorts were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. The effects of APs on the expression of glucose homeostasis-related genes in liver and muscle cell lines were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR.
resultsAfter controlling potential associated confounding factors, the risk of T2DM was higher in the case group than that in the control group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.80, p < 0.001]. Moreover, the likelihood of T2DM incidence in patients with schizophrenia without AP treatment (aHR, 2.83) was significantly higher than that in non-schizophrenia controls and those treated with APs (aHR ≤ 0.60). In an in vitro model, most APs did not affect the expression of hepatic gluconeogenesis genes but upregulated those beneficial for glucose homeostasis in muscle cells.
conclusionThis study demonstrates the impact of schizophrenia and APs and the risk of developing T2DM in Asian populations. Unmeasured confounding risk factors for T2DM may not have been included in the study. These findings may help psychiatric practitioners identify patients at risk of developing T2DM.
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