ArticleNature communications2024
Microbial dynamics and pulmonary immune responses in COVID-19 secondary bacterial pneumonia.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of the respiratory microbiome in acute and chronic respiratory diseases.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Ocular community state types reveal distinct microbial compositions among microbiomes with implications for trachoma control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Excessive pyroptosis mediates the exacerbation of pneumonia caused by low-lethality influenza virus and secondary MRSA co-infection.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Airway microbiome dysbiosis in severe pneumonia: metagenomic evidence of pathogen expansion and commensal depletion.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Alveolar dysregulation of host response in pneumonia and ARDS: implications for immune modulation and infection.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Rapid clinical validation of an RNA/DNA hybrid tagmentation-based metagenomic workflow for respiratory RNA virus detection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Host-Microbe Multiomic Profiling Predicts Mortality in Sepsis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating a host biomarker with a large language model for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A retrospective risk factor analysis in psychiatric inpatients with COVID-19 from 2020 to 2023 at a neuropsychiatric hospital in Tokyo.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Molecular Phenotypes Have Distinct Lower Respiratory Tract Transcriptomes.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- PFKFB2-Driven Glycolysis Promotes Dendritic Cell Maturation and Exacerbates Acute Lung Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Beyond immunosuppression: decoding systemic immune dysregulation in ICU-acquired pneumonia.The European respiratory journal · 2025Article
- Comprehensive review on COVID-19: etiology, pathogenicity, and treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Considering local immunity for innovative immunomodulatory approaches: pulmonary sepsis as a use case.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Secondary bacterial pneumonia (2°BP) is associated with significant morbidity following respiratory viral infection, yet remains incompletely understood. In a prospective cohort of 112 critically ill adults intubated for COVID-19, we comparatively assess longitudinal airway microbiome dynamics and the pulmonary transcriptome of patients who developed 2°BP versus controls who did not. We find that 2°BP is significantly associated with both mortality and corticosteroid treatment. The pulmonary microbiome in 2°BP is characterized by increased bacterial RNA mass and dominance of culture-confirmed pathogens, detectable days prior to 2°BP clinical diagnosis, and frequently also present in nasal swabs. Assessment of the pulmonary transcriptome reveals suppressed TNFα signaling in patients with 2°BP, and sensitivity analyses suggest this finding is mediated by corticosteroid treatment. Further, we find that increased bacterial RNA mass correlates with reduced expression of innate and adaptive immunity genes in both 2°BP patients and controls. Taken together, our findings provide fresh insights into the microbial dynamics and host immune features of COVID-19-associated 2°BP, and suggest that suppressed immune signaling, potentially mediated by corticosteroid treatment, permits expansion of opportunistic bacterial pathogens.
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