ArticleJournal of primary care & community health
Evaluating the Predictors of Persistent Long COVID Symptoms and Their Severity in COVID-19 Survivors 1 Year After Infection.
Article in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in Hospitalized and Ambulatory Patients: A Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Bridging Gaps in Long COVID Therapy: A Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- HIV Infection and Long COVID: A RECOVER Program, Electronic Health Record-Based Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Impact of Long COVID on Health-Related Quality of Life Among COVID-19 Survivors in Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/
objectiveAs the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic progressed, the virus was found to cause long-term health complications known as long COVID (LC). This study aimed to investigate LC symptom severity and the factors associated with the likelihood of persistence beyond 1 year among COVID-19 survivors in Saudi Arabia.
methodsThis descriptive, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted via convenience sampling between December 1, 2023, and March 1, 2024. In-person interviews were performed, and 845 individuals with persistent symptoms after acute COVID-19 were included.
resultsHair loss and memory impairment were the most reported symptoms. In predicting LC persistence beyond 12 months, women were found to have higher odds of being symptomatic than men, and individuals from moderate-to-high-income households were more likely to report persistent symptoms than those from low-income households. Each additional acute COVID-19 symptom increased the likelihood of persistent symptoms by 1.14 times. Reporting more symptoms in the first 6 months post-infection significantly reduced the odds of long-term symptoms by approximately 30%.
conclusionLC symptom severity varies among patients, and sociodemographic and clinical factors influence the likelihood of experiencing symptoms beyond 1 year. Understanding these factors can provide insights and help optimize management, leading to improved patient outcomes.
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Registered trials
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