ArticleResearch report (Health Effects Institute)2024
Air Pollution in Relation to COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study in Catalonia, Spain (COVAIR-CAT).
Article in Research report (Health Effects Institute), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ambient Air Pollution and COVID-19 in California.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2026Article
- REACH-OUT: Race, Ethnicity, and Air Pollution in COVID-19 Hospitalization OUTcomes.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- Effect of Air Pollution Reductions on Mortality During the COVID-19 Lockdowns in Early 2020.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEvidence from epidemiological studies based on individual-level data indicates that air pollution may be associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. We aimed to test whether (1) long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with COVID-19-related hospital admission or mortality in the general population; (2) short-term exposure to air pollution is associated with COVID-19-related hospital admission following COVID-19 diagnosis; (3) there are vulnerable population subgroups; and (4) the influence of long-term air pollution exposure on COVID-19-related hospital admissions differed from that for other respiratory infections.
methodsWe constructed a cohort covering nearly the full population of Catalonia through registry linkage, with follow- up from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020. Exposures at residential addresses were estimated using newly developed spatiotemporal models of nitrogen dioxide (NO
resultsThe general population cohort included 4,660,502 individuals; in 2020 there were 340,608 COVID-19 diagnoses, 47,174 COVID-19-related hospital admissions, and 10,001 COVID-19 deaths. Mean (standard deviation) annual exposures were 26.2 (10.3) μg/m
conclusionsLinkage across several registries allowed the construction of a large population-based cohort, tracking COVID-19 cases from primary care and testing data to hospital admissions, and death. Long- and short-term exposure to ambient air pollution were positively associated with severe COVID-19 events. The effects of long-term air pollution exposure on COVID-19 severity were greater among those with lower individual- and area-level SES.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39468856PMC11525941What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.