SynthesisPediatric cardiology2025
Cardiogenic Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Pediatric cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants with Hybrid Stage 1 Palliation is Common and Difficult to Predict.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Term Neonates with Critical Congenital Heart Disease: Associated Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Not All Lucencies are Equal: Distinguishing Pneumatosis in Congenital Heart Disease from Necrotizing Enterocolitis.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of Necrotizing Enterocolitis After Surgical Norwood versus Hybrid Stage 1 Palliation.Pediatric cardiology · 2025Article
- Perioperative Nutrition in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Failure.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Risk factors for complications of necrotizing enterocolitis in term neonates with congenital heart disease at a referral hospital in Colombia: A retrospective cohort study.Annals of pediatric cardiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a known cause of morbidity and mortality in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD), but reports about the burden of cardiogenic NEC frequently conflict. To synthesize the extant literature on the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of NEC in patients with CHD. Medline, Cochrane, and EMBASE were searched from 1946 through 2023 for studies of NEC in infants 0-12 months of age with CHD. Risk of bias was assessed with validated tools for incidence and risk factors. Pooled estimates were meta-analyzed by risk of bias or synthesized without meta-analysis. Eighty-six studies with a total of 67,924 participants were included. The incidence of cardiogenic NEC was 7.1% (95% CI 4.7-10.5%) in term infants and 13.0% (10.2-16.5%) in low birthweight preterm infants. NEC required surgery in 0.8% (0.5-1.1%) of term and 2.7% (2.0-3.7%) of premature infants, respectively. Only gestational age and birth weight were consistently associated with risk of NEC. Restricting pooled estimates to studies of moderate or low risk of bias significantly reduced the number of studies included. Necrotizing enterocolitis is a common cause of morbidity in infants with CHD, but additional research is needed to determine which infants are at highest risk of developing NEC and would benefit most from a change in management. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to a prespecified protocol registered at the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021282114).
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