ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
Nonstationarity in the global terrestrial water cycle and its interlinkages in the Anthropocene.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hemispheric asymmetry in evapotranspiration reveals terrestrial water-flux redistribution.Science advances · 2026Article
- Two decades of human- and climate-induced groundwater storage shifts in Brazil.Science advances · 2026Article
- Global patterns of rain-on-snow and its impacts on runoff from past to future projections.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Nonstationarity in the global terrestrial water cycle and its interlinkages in the Anthropocene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Climate change and human activities alter the global freshwater cycle, causing nonstationary processes as its distribution shifting over time, yet a comprehensive understanding of these changes remains elusive. Here, we develop a remote sensing-informed terrestrial reanalysis and assess the nonstationarity of and interconnections among global water cycle components from 2003 to 2020. We highlight 20 hotspot regions where terrestrial water storage exhibits strong nonstationarity, impacting 35% of the global population and 45% of the area covered by irrigated agriculture. Emerging long-term trends dominate the most often (48.2%), followed by seasonal shifts (32.8%) and changes in extremes (19%). Notably, in mid-latitudes, this encompasses 34% of Asia and 27% of North America. The patterns of nonstationarity and their dominant types differ across other water cycle components, including precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, and gross primary production. These differences also manifest uniquely across hotspot regions, illustrating the intricate ways in which each component responds to climate change and human water management. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering nonstationarity when assessing water cycle information toward the development of strategies for sustainable water resource usage, enhancing resilience to extreme events, and effectively addressing other challenges associated with climate change.
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