Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39465266›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples for their virulence, biofilm, and antimicrobial resistance.

Shankaregowdanakopalu Jagadeesh Deepak, Porteen Kannan, Wilfred Ruban Savariraj, Elango Ayyasamy, Senthil Kumar Tuticorin Maragatham Alagesan, Narendra Babu Ravindran, Sureshkannan Sundaram, Nithya Quintoil Mohanadasse, Qing Kang, Charley A Cull and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Biocontrol of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products using lytic bacteriophage UHP46: efficacy in milk, cheese, and yogurt.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Veterinary sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shankaregowdanakopalu Jagadeesh DeepakDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600 007, India.
Porteen KannanDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600 007, India. rajavet2002@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-6925-328X
Wilfred Ruban SavarirajDepartment of Livestock Products and Technology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru, 560 024, India.
Elango AyyasamyVeterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Salem, 636 112, India.
Senthil Kumar Tuticorin Maragatham AlagesanZoonoses Research Laboratory, Centre for Animal Health Studies, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600 051, India.
Narendra Babu RavindranDepartment of Livestock Products and Technology, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600 007, India.
Sureshkannan SundaramDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600 007, India.
Nithya Quintoil MohanadasseDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, RIVER, Pondicherry, 605 009, India.
Qing KangDepartment of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506 0802, USA.
Charley A CullVeterinary & Biomedical Research Center, Inc., Manhattan, KS, 66502 9007, USA.
Raghavendra G AmachawadiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506 5606, USA. agraghav@vet.ksu.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) one of the important food borne pathogen from milk, which was investigated in this study. The isolates were screened for antimicrobial resistance, enterotoxin genes, biofilm formation, spa typing, coagulase gene polymorphism and accessory gene regulator types. The prevalence of S. aureus in milk samples was 34.4% (89/259). Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was found at 27% (24/89) of the isolates, were classified as community acquired based on SCCmec typing. The 24.71% (22/89) isolates demonstrated multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) pattern. However, none of the isolates carried vancomycin and mupirocin resistance genes. The isolates were positive for sea and sed enterotoxin genes and exhibited high frequency of biofilm formation. The High-Resolution Melting and conventional spa typing revealed that the isolates had both animal and community-associated S. aureus clustered origins. Coagulase gene polymorphism and agr typing demonstrated variable genotypic patterns. The finding of this study establishes the prevalence of community associated, enterotoxigenic, biofilm forming and antimicrobial resistance among S. aureus from milk in Chennai city. This emphasizing a potential threat to public health which needs a continuous monitoring system and strategies to mitigate their spread across the food chain and achieve food safety.

Indexed as

BiofilmsMilkStaphylococcus aureusAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCattleDrug Resistance, BacterialEnterotoxinsFood MicrobiologyMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMicrobial Sensitivity TestsStaphylococcal InfectionsVirulenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsEnterotoxinsAntimicrobial resistance (AMR)BiofilmCoagulase geneEnterotoxinHigh Resolution Melting (HRM)Spa typingStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID39465266
PMCPMC11514165

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.