ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2024
Metabolic Syndrome and Socioeconomic Status in Association with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ningbo, China.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Planetary Health Diet, Socioeconomic Inequalities, and CKD and Mortality Risk.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- Association of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index with chronic kidney disease in Chinese community adults: findings from the REACTION study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Associations of hypoglycemic medications, cordycepin and vaccination with clinical outcomes in diabetic kidney disease patients with COVID-19.Renal failure · 2025Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) and low socioeconomic status (SES) may increase the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MS and CKD and the association between MS, SES, and CKD among adults in Ningbo, a city in Eastern China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 3212 adults was conducted between July 2019 and February 2021 in Ningbo. MS was defined as the presence of three or more risk factors: elevated blood pressure, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, elevated plasma glucose, and abdominal obesity. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m Results: The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of CKD was 9.1% (95% CI: 8.3-10.0), the prevalence of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/per 1·73 m² was 2.5% (95% CI 2.0-3.0) and that of albuminuria was 7.9% (95% CI 7.0-8.7), and the adjusted prevalence of MS was 23.1% (95% CI 21.7-24.4). MS components, including elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, elevated serum triglyceride, or reduced serum HDL-C, were independent risk factors for CKD, and the adjusted prevalence of CKD proportionally increased with the number of MS-defined parameters. Participants with MS had 2.43-fold increased odds of developing CKD compared with those without MS. In addition, age, female sex, low SES including low educational level and low income were associated with increased odds of occurrence of albuminuria and CKD. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease is high among adults in Ningbo. Metabolic syndrome and low socioeconomic status are associated with the high risk of developing chronic kidney disease.
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