ArticleMedical physics2025
On the acceptance, commissioning, and quality assurance of electron FLASH units.
Article in Medical physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of a Faraday cup-style detector as a beam diagnostic system for ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) electron beams.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026Article
- Volumetric FLASH dosimetryPhysics in medicine and biology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a novel pulse optimization and beam control system for conventional and ultra high dose-per-pulse (FLASH) irradiation.Medical physics · 2026Article
- Article
- Multileaf Faraday cup for beam energy verification in radiation therapy with ultra-high dose-rate electron beams and ion beams.Medical physics · 2026Article
- Investigating the oxygen dependence of FLASH-RT using electron paramagnetic resonance imaging.Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2026Article
- Emerging strategies in radiation therapy: promises and challenges of spatial fractionation, ultra-high dose rates, and nanoparticles.Journal of physics D: Applied physics · 2025Review
- Discordance in Acute Gastrointestinal Toxicity between Synchrotron-Based Proton and Linac-based Electron Ultra-High Dose Rate Irradiation.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Article
- FLASH radiotherapy spares lymphocytes in tumor-draining lymph nodes and increases infiltration of immune cells in tumors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Characterization of a Time-Resolved, Real-Time Scintillation Dosimetry System for Ultra-High Dose-Rate Radiation Therapy Applications.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Article
- On the acceptance, commissioning, and quality assurance of electron FLASH units.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Characterization of an Inorganic Powder-Based Scintillation Detector Under a UHDR Electron Beam.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of novel ionization chambers for reference dosimetry in electron flash radiotherapy.Medical physics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeFLASH or ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) radiation therapy (RT) has gained attention in recent years for its ability to spare normal tissues relative to conventional dose rate (CDR) RT in various preclinical trials. However, clinical implementation of this promising treatment option has been limited because of the lack of availability of accelerators capable of delivering UHDR RT. Commercial options are finally reaching the market that produce electron beams with average dose rates of up to 1000 Gy/s. We established a framework for the acceptance, commissioning, and periodic quality assurance (QA) of electron FLASH units and present an example of commissioning.
methodsA protocol for acceptance, commissioning, and QA of UHDR linear accelerators was established by combining and adapting standards and professional recommendations for standard linear accelerators based on the experience with UHDR at four clinical centers that use different UHDR devices. Non-standard dosimetric beam parameters considered included pulse width, pulse repetition frequency, dose per pulse, and instantaneous dose rate, together with recommendations on how to acquire these measurements.
resultsThe 6- and 9-MeV beams of an UHDR electron device were commissioned by using this developed protocol. Measurements were acquired with a combination of ion chambers, beam current transformers (BCTs), and dose-rate-independent passive dosimeters. The unit was calibrated according to the concept of redundant dosimetry using a reference setup.
conclusionThis study provides detailed recommendations for the acceptance testing, commissioning, and routine QA of low-energy electron UHDR linear accelerators. The proposed framework is not limited to any specific unit, making it applicable to all existing eFLASH units in the market. Through practical insights and theoretical discourse, this document establishes a benchmark for the commissioning of UHDR devices for clinical use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.