ArticleGenes2024
Diversity, Distribution and Structural Prediction of the Pathogenic Bacterial Effectors EspN and EspS.
Article in Genes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMany Gram-negative enterobacteria translocate virulence proteins (effectors) into intestinal epithelial cells using a type III secretion system (T3SS) to subvert the activity of various cell functions possess. Many T3SS effectors have been extensively characterized, but there are still some effector proteins whose functional information is completely unknown.
methodsIn this study, two predicted effectors of unknown function, EspN and EspS (
resultsThe TEM1 (β-lactamase) translocation assay was performed, which showed that EspN and EspS are translocated into host cells in a T3SS-dependent manner during bacterial infection. A phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that homologs of EspN and EspS are widely distributed in pathogenic bacteria. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that EspN and its homologs share a conserved C-terminal region (673-1133 a.a.). Furthermore, the structure of EspN (673-1133 a.a.) was also predicted and well-defined, which showed that it has three subdomains connected by a loop region. EspS and its homologs share a sequence-conserved C-terminal (146-291 a.a.). The predicted structure of EspS (146-291 a.a.) is composed of a β-sheet consisting of four β-strands and several short helices, which has a TM score of 0.5014 with the structure of the
conclusionsThese results suggest that EspN and EspS may represent two important classes of T3SS effectors associated with pathogen virulence, and our findings provide important clues to understanding the potential functions of EspN and EspS.
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