ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) and Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Future Directions for Diagnosis and Treatment.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Convergence of neuroinflammation across major neurotropic viral exposomes in AD and ADRD.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Article
- HIV-1 Tat and gp120 as key drivers of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Association between cognitive function, socio-clinical factors and biomarkers among Panamanian adults living with and without HIV: A cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pro-Inflammatory Protein PSCA Is Upregulated in Neurological Diseases and Targets β2-Subunit-Containing nAChRs.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Microglial Dysfunction and Amyloid-Beta Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease and HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neuronal Death and Biomolecular Condensates: Are There Any New Treatment Options for Alzheimer's Disease?Cells · 2025Review
- HIV infection in microglia leads to senescence, triggering activation of neurotoxicity pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mapping the intersection of HIV and Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis of emerging research trends.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Application status and prospects of multimodal EEG-fMRI in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Association Between High Serum Aspartate Transaminase to Alanine Transaminase Ratio and Probable HIV Dementia Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Uganda.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two neurocognitive disorders with overlapping clinical presentations and pathophysiology. The two have been thought to be two separate entities. However, the introduction and widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has altered the clinical manifestations of HAND, shifting from a pattern of subcortical dementia to one more akin to cortical dementia, resembling AD. Thus, the line between the two disease entities is not clear-cut. In this review, we discuss the concept of Alzheimer's disease-like dementia (ADLD) in HIV, which describes this phenomenon. While the mechanisms of HIV-associated ADLD remain to be elucidated, potential mechanisms include HIV-specific pathways, including epigenetic imprinting from initial viral infection, persistent and low viral load (which can only be detected by ultra-sensitive PCR), HIV-related inflammation, and putative pathways underlying traditional AD risk factors. Importantly, we have shown that HIV-specific microRNAs (miRs) encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EV-miRs) play an important role in mediating the detrimental effects in the cardiovascular system. A useful preclinical model to study ADLD would be to expose AD mice to HIV-positive EVs to identify candidate EV-miRs that mediate the HIV-specific effects underlying ADLD. Characterization of the candidate EV-miRs may provide novel therapeutic armamentaria for ADLD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.