Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39455451›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025

Analysis of implementation science strategies to train laparoscopic surgical skills among Liberian surgeons using ALL-SAFE.

Christopher W Reynolds, Ayun Cassell, Tresor Mabanza, Deborah M Rooney, Ronald Kollie, Rachel O'Reggio, Yarvoh Moore-Wilson, Aaron Ketia, Dieudonné A Lemfuka, David Jeffcoach and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Christopher W ReynoldsDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. chwre@med.umich.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6634-391X
Ayun CassellJohn F. Kennedy Medical Center, 22nd St. & Tubman Blvd. Sinkor, Monrovia, Liberia.
Tresor MabanzaJohn F. Kennedy Medical Center, 22nd St. & Tubman Blvd. Sinkor, Monrovia, Liberia.
Deborah M RooneyUniversity of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Ronald KollieJohn F. Kennedy Medical Center, 22nd St. & Tubman Blvd. Sinkor, Monrovia, Liberia.
Rachel O'ReggioUniversity of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Yarvoh Moore-WilsonJohn F. Kennedy Medical Center, 22nd St. & Tubman Blvd. Sinkor, Monrovia, Liberia.
Aaron KetiaPhebe Hospital, Bong County, 1000, Suakoko, Liberia.
Dieudonné A LemfukaELWA Hospital, 68Q3+P93, Mills Center, Liberia.
David JeffcoachDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Francisco - Fresno, 155 N. Fresno St.,, Fresno, CA, 93701, USA.
Grace J KimDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

Funding

Intuitive Foundation Global Surgical Training ChallegeUniversity of Michigan Global Individual Grant
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSignificant disparities exist in laparoscopic training opportunities for surgeons in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). ALL-SAFE is an innovative, low-cost training system for LMIC surgeons' laparoscopic development. However, strategies to implement and scale ALL-SAFE are unstudied. We aimed to assess the impact of implementation science strategies on ALL-SAFE uptake in Liberia, a novel and low-resource context.

methodsThis study used implementation science approaches to evaluate ALL-SAFE uptake in three Liberian hospitals: John F. Kennedy Medical Center, Phebe, and ELWA. Five validated implementation strategies of program orientation, local champions, network weaving, feedback mechanisms, and practical supervision were piloted. All five strategies were implemented at two hospitals, while four strategies, excluding clinician supervision, were implemented at the final site as a pseudo-control, to evaluate the impact of resource-intensive supervision. Participants included surgical consultants, residents, and medical students. Engagement was assessed with mixed methods including participant number, practice hours, module completion rates, and strategy feasibility through end-user interviews.

resultsAcross three hospitals, 33 participants used ALL-SAFE for 87.8 total training hours (5,268 min). Participant numbers varied across sites (N

conclusionOur study is one of the first to evaluate implementation science strategies for laparoscopic training in sub-Saharan Africa. The implementation bundles of five validated strategies were considered feasible by Liberian surgeons in both urban and rural hospitals. Mixed methods suggested a positive association between engagement and the resource-intensive practical supervision strategy. Future studies should focus on quantifying individual strategy contributions with rigorous implementation designs and assessing sustainability strategies.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceImplementation ScienceLaparoscopyFemaleHumansInternship and ResidencyLiberiaMaleSurgeonsGlobal surgeryImplementation scienceLaparoscopyLow- and middle-income countriesSurgical education

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.