Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39454010›Full record

ArticleScience advances2024

Haptic artificial muscle skin for extended reality.

Yuxuan Guo, Yang Luo, Roshan Plamthottam, Siyou Pei, Chen Wei, Ziqing Han, Jiacheng Fan, Mason Possinger, Kede Liu, Yingke Zhu and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. A Low Voltage-Powered Flexible Electroosmotic Actuator for Wearable Haptics.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yuxuan GuoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7582-4555
Yang LuoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8153-8459
Roshan PlamthottamDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Siyou PeiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3802-8298
Chen WeiDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4636-2862
Ziqing HanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7149-3162
Jiacheng FanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-7716-5208
Mason PossingerDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-7132-7284
Kede LiuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-3334-3005
Yingke ZhuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7131-1960
Zhangqing FeiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Isabelle WinardiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-4336-7485
Hyeonji HongDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-9413-3565
Yang ZhangDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2472-6968
Lihua JinDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7812-9056
Qibing PeiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1669-1734

Funding

A High Resolution Tactile Display Based on Variable Stiffness Polymer and Pneumatic ActuationR01EY030246 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI PEI, QIBING · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY030246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Existing haptic actuators are often rigid and limited in their ability to replicate real-world tactile sensations. We present a wearable haptic artificial muscle skin (HAMS) based on fully soft, millimeter-scale, multilayer dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) capable of significant out-of-plane deformation, a capability that typically requires rigid or liquid biasing. The DEAs use a thickness-varying multilayer structure to achieve large out-of-plane displacement and force, maintaining comfort and wearability. Experimental results demonstrate that HAMS can produce complex tactile feedback with high perception accuracy. Moreover, we show that HAMS can be integrated into extended reality (XR) systems, enhancing immersion and offering potential applications in entertainment, education, and assistive technologies.

Indexed as

Skin, ArtificialHumansMuscle, SkeletalTouchWearable Electronic Devices

Identifiers

PMID39454010
PMCPMC11506163

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.