Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39453511›Full record

ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2026

Lumbar Spine Orientation Affects Compressive Fracture Outcome.

Rachel Cutlan, Muhammad Khokhar, Nader Shammout, Alok S Shah, Lance Frazer, Narayan Yoganandan, Barry S Shender, James Sheehy, Glenn Paskoff, Daniel Nicolella and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rachel CutlanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Muhammad KhokharDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Nader ShammoutDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Alok S ShahDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Lance FrazerSouthwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Narayan YoganandanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Barry S ShenderNaval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, MD, USA.
James SheehyNaval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, MD, USA.
Glenn PaskoffNaval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, MD, USA.
Daniel NicolellaSouthwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Timothy BentleyOffice of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA.
Saman ShabaniDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Brian D StemperDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. bstemper@mcw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-8527

Funding

Office of Naval Research MTEC-18-04-I-PREDICT-07
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeUnderstanding how spinal orientation affects injury outcome is essential to understand lumbar injury biomechanics associated with high-rate vertical loading.

methodsWhole-column human lumbar spines (T12-L5) were dynamically loaded using a drop tower to simulate peak axial forces associated with high-speed aircraft ejections and helicopter crashes. Spines were allowed to maintain natural lordotic curvature for loading, resulting in a range of orientations. Pre-test X-rays were used to quantify specimen orientation at the time of loading. Primary fracture types were identified (wedge, n = 6; burst, n = 4; hyperextension, n = 4) and compared for loading parameters and lumbar orientation.

resultsFracture type was dependent on peak acceleration, bending moment, Cobb angle, sagittal spinal tilt, and location of the applied load.

conclusionsLumbar spine orientation under high-rate axial acceleration affected the resulting fracture type. Analysis of pre-test X-rays revealed that spines that sustained wedge and burst fractures were oriented straighter at the time of loading. The load was applied centrally to T12 in spines with burst fractures, and anteriorly to T12 in spines with wedge fractures. Spines that sustained hyperextension fracture had lower peak accelerations, larger Cobb angles at the time of loading, and sustained larger extension moments. Fracture presentation is an important and understudied factor that influences biomechanical stability, clinical course, and long-term patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Fractures, CompressionLumbar VertebraeSpinal FracturesAdultAgedBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedWeight-BearingAxial loadingBiomechanicsLumbar lordosisVertebral body fracture

Identifiers

PMID39453511
PMCPMC13035867

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.