ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2024
A Simple Model to Study Mosaic Gene Expression in 3D Endothelial Spheroids.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- A refined MASH-HCC model identifies macrophage Gadd45b as a key orchestrator of inflammation-driven neoplastic progression.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Establishment of a Sensitized 3D Spheroid Cancer Cell Model for Enhanced Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery.Methods and protocols · 2026Article
- Article
- Use of spheroids as a model to evaluate the anticancer action of animal venoms and derived molecules: 2010-2024 review.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsThe goal of this study was to establish a simple model of 3D endothelial spheroids with mosaic gene expression using adeno-associated virus (AAV) transduction, with a future aim being to study the activity of post-zygotic mutations common to vascular malformations.
methodsIn this study, 96-well U-bottom plates coated with a commercial repellent were seeded with two immortalized human endothelial cell lines and aggregation monitored using standard microscopy or live-cell analysis. The eGFP expression was used to monitor the AAV transduction.
resultsHUVEC-TERT2 could not form spheroids spontaneously. The inclusion of collagen I in the growth medium could stimulate cell aggregation; however, these spheroids were not stable. In contrast, the hCMEC/D3 cells aggregated spontaneously and formed reproducible, robust 3D spheroids within 3 days, growing steadily for at least 4 weeks without the need for media refreshment. The hCMEC/D3 spheroids spontaneously developed a basement membrane, including collagen I, and expressed endothelial-specific CD31 at the spheroid surface. Serotypes AAV1 and AAV2
conclusionsIn the future, this simple approach to endothelial spheroid formation combined with live-cell imaging could be used to rapidly assess the 3D phenotypes and drug and radiation sensitivities arising from mosaic mutations common to brain vascular malformations.
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