ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Longitudinal Structural and Functional Evaluation of Dark-without-Pressure Fundus Lesions in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Structural, Functional, and Cellular Analysis of a Case of Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy (AZOOR).Biomedicines · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe main objective of this study was to report and investigate the characteristics and longitudinal changes in dark-without-pressure (DWP) fundus lesions in patients with autoimmune diseases using multimodal imaging techniques.
methodsIn this retrospective observational case series, five patients affected by ocular and systemic autoimmune disorders and DWP were examined. DWP was assessed by multimodal imaging, including color fundus photography (CFP), near-infrared reflectance (NIR), blue reflectance (BR), blue autofluorescence (BAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A), fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and functional testing, including standard automated perimetry (SAP) and electroretinography (ERG). Follow-up examinations were performed for four out of five patients (range: 6 months-7 years).
resultsDWP fundus lesions were found in the retinal mid-periphery and were characterized by the hypo-reflectivity of the ellipsoid zone on OCT. DWP appeared hypo-reflective in NIR, BR and BAF, and exhibited hypo-fluorescence in FA in two patients while showing no signs in one patient. ICGA showed hypo-fluorescent margins in one patient. SAP and ERG testing did not show alterations attributable to the DWP lesion. Follow-up examinations documented rapid dimensional changes in DWP even in the short term (1 month).
conclusionsThis study suggests a possible association between autoimmune diseases and DWP. New FA and ICGA features were described. The proposed pathogenesis hypotheses may operate as a basis for further investigation of a lesion that is still largely unknown. Large population studies would be necessary to confirm whether there is a higher incidence of DWP in this patient category.
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