ReviewCurrent opinion in cardiology2025
Beyond the Agatston calcium score: role of calcium density and other calcified plaque markers for cardiovascular disease prediction.
Review in Current opinion in cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Rat models for arterial calcification associated with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Hybrid deep learning time-to-event modeling of major adverse cardiovascular events using coronary artery calcium score scans.European journal of radiology artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- The Weston Score in coronary artery calcification among patients with End-Stage Renal Disease.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- TNAP dephosphorylates phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine and participates in triglyceride transport from the liver to the bloodstream.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Novel biomarker panel combined with imaging parameters for predicting cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Results from Cardiovascular Examination Do Not Predict Cerebrovascular Macroangiopathy: Data from a Prospective, Bicentric Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewTo review the current evidence and highlight future strategies regarding consideration of coronary artery calcium (CAC) density in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification. RECENT
findingsExpressed as the product of plaque area and a peak calcium density weighting factor, the Agatston method is the gold-standard for measuring CAC on noncontrast cardiac computed tomography. Over the last decade, observational data have suggested that calcium density is inversely associated with CVD events and confers additional prognostic information independent of traditional risk factors and Agatston CAC scores. Specific density measures have been assessed including peak calcium density, mean CAC density, and CAC area-density discordance. Beyond calcium density, the number of affected arteries and regional distribution of CAC which may be correlated with CAC density have also improved the predictive utility of the Agatston score. SUMMARY: Calcium density is inversely associated with CVD risk after considering plaque area and/or volume. Calcium markers including density, vessel involvement, and regional distribution confer additional prognostic information for the prediction of incident CVD among those with prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis. A future area of study includes calcium radiomics ('calcium-omics') and whether the artificial intelligence-derived automated measurement of calcium markers beyond the Agatston score may be of value in CVD risk stratification among individuals with early to advanced subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.