Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39445498›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2024

Using spatial analysis to examine inequalities and temporal trends in food retail accessibility.

Cindy Needham, Claudia Strugnell, Liliana Orellana, Steven Allender, Gary Sacks, Miranda R Blake, Ana Horta

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Non-Linear Socioeconomic Inequality in the Distribution of Food Outlets in Metropolitan Melbourne and Regional Victoria, Australia.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Cindy NeedhamDeakin University, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong3220, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4572-6820
Claudia StrugnellDeakin University, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong3220, Australia.
Liliana OrellanaDeakin University, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia.
Steven AllenderDeakin University, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong3220, Australia.
Gary SacksDeakin University, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong3220, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9736-1539
Miranda R BlakeDeakin University, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong3220, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0649-2320
Ana HortaCharles Sturt University, Faculty of Science and Health, Albury-Wodonga, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIn this paper, we examined whether there are inequalities in access to food retail (by type and healthiness) across local government areas (LGA) in Greater Melbourne and by LGA grouped based on their distance from the central business district and Growth Area designation. We also examined whether these inequalities persisted over time.

designThis is a secondary analysis of a repeated cross-sectional census of food outlets collected at four time points (2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016) across 31 LGA. Using Geographical Information Systems, we present a spatial analysis of food retail environments in Melbourne, Australia, at these four times over eight years.

settingGreater Melbourne, Australia.

participants31 LGA in Greater Melbourne.

resultsFindings show significant inequalities in access to healthy food retail persisting over time at the LGA level. Residents in lower density urban growth areas had the least access to healthy food retail. Unhealthy food retail was comparatively more accessible, with a temporal trend indicating increased accessibility over time in urban growth areas only.

conclusionAccessibility to food outlets, particularly healthy food outlets and supermarkets, in Greater Melbourne is not equal. To identify and address health inequalities associated with rapid urban growth, further understanding of how people interact with the food environment needs to be explored.

Indexed as

CommerceFood MarketsFood SupplySocioeconomic FactorsSpatial AnalysisAustraliaCross-Sectional StudiesDiet, HealthyGeographic Information SystemsHumansLocal GovernmentResidence CharacteristicsFood environmentFood retailHealth inequalitiesPublic health nutritionSupermarket

Identifiers

PMID39445498
PMCPMC11604324

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.