ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2024
Incidence and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07005505 (Automatic Tube Compensation vs. Pressure Support Ventilation During Spontaneous Breathing Trials in Critically Ill Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Automatic Tube Compensation vs. Pressure Support Ventilation During Spontaneous Breathing Trials in Critically Ill Adults: A Cluster-Randomized, Cluster-Crossover Trial
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Incidence rate and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurocritical patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Microbiological profiles of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from respiratory samples of mechanically ventilated patients at a tertiary Moroccan hospital.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Utility of multiplex PCR panels for optimum management of lower respiratory Infections Employing FilmArray Pneumonia Plus Testing-results of the UPLIFT study.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2026Article
- Association between preoperative blood glucose levels and postoperative pneumonia in neurosurgical patients: a retrospective study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ventilator-associated event surveillance systems: a retrospective observational study.Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2026Article
- Incidence, Mortality, and Determinants of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Pediatric Patients at the National Referral Hospital, Bhutan: A Prospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Prevention Bundle: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Saudi Study to Assess Knowledge, Adherence, and Perceived Barriers Among ICU Practitioners in Hail Region.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Saudi Arabian Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Clinical application of a novel gravity-weighted continuous oral suction dental pad in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in intubated patients.Head & face medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factors, predictive biomarkers, and microbial profile of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort Study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- A diagnostic model based on pulmonary microbiota and host gene expression to distinguish colonization from pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Minimizing hospital acquired intensive care unit infections: A focus on prevention.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Unveiling Antibiotic Resistance in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis.Cureus · 2026Article
- Association between blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio and mortality risk in critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Mortality in Ventilator-Associated Tracheobronchitis and Pneumonia in Oncology Patients: The Impact of Microbiological Aspects.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Article
- Article
- Inhaled amikacin as a preventive strategy against ventilator-associated pneumonia in a trauma intensive care unit: early evidence from a single-center retrospective cohort study.Journal of trauma and injury · 2025Article
- [Construction and Clinical Validation of a Risk Early Warning Model for Mechanical Ventilation-Associated Pneumonia in Older Patients With Lung Cancer].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Article
- Distribution of MBL and serine-β-lactamase-producing pathogens in ventilator-associated pneumonia: insights into MDR and XDR strains.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication occurring in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study attempted to analyze VAP incidence in the ICU using a meta-analysis, investigate risk factors for VAP occurrence, and examine influence of VAP on outcomes. Methods: A search was carried out in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases to identify studies on incidence and risk factors of VAP in ICU patients. Study quality was tested by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data related to risk factors, incidence, and outcomes were utilized for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 18 and Review Manager 5.4. Results: Seventeen articles were included, comprising 6,222 patients, and incidence of VAP was 30% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24-37%]. Risk factor analysis showed that males [odds ratio (OR): 1.50; 95% CI: 1.29-1.75; P<0.001], smoking (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.57; P=0.007) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score [weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.30; 95% CI: 0.31-2.30; P=0.01] were risk factors for VAP. Antibiotic prophylaxis (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63-0.99; P=0.04) was a protect factor for VAP. Compared with non-VAP patients, VAP patients had a prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation (WMD: 6.96; 95% CI: 5.42-8.50; P<0.001), ICU length of stay (WMD: 7.91; 95% CI: 5.43-10.39; P<0.001) and total length of hospital stay (WMD: 8.09; 95% CI: 3.70-12.48; P=0.0003). There was no significant difference in mortality rate between VAP and non-VAP patients (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.79-1.63; P=0.50). Conclusions: VAP incidence in the ICU was around 30%. Male, smoking, and high APACHE II score were risk factors for VAP, while antibiotic prophylaxis was a protective factor for VAP. VAP could lead to prolonged mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and hospital stay, but it did not influence mortality.
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