ArticleBMC medicine2024
Unhealthy plant-based diet is associated with a higher cardiovascular disease risk in patients with prediabetes and diabetes: a large-scale population-based study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Plant-based diets and risk of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Navigating plant-based diets: increased cardiovascular risk in those with unhealthy plant-based dietary plans in people with pre-diabetes or diabetes.Evidence-based nursing · 2026Article
- Plant-based diet quality and risk of age-related eye diseases: evidence from multi-cohorts with multi-omics insights.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Diet-Related Health Recommender Systems for Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- A narrative review of dietary patterns in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Associations of the unhealthy plant-based diet index with hsCRP and BMI in Korean adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Diets for Dual Cardiovascular and Planetary Health: A Scoping Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Not All Plants Are Equal: Diet Quality and Inflammation in Vegans and Vegetarians in Urban Poland.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Association Between Plant-Based Diets and Metabolic Syndrome in Zhejiang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Quality of plant-based diets in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in US adults with sarcopenia: a population-based study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Observational
- Association between Hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: mediated effects of renal function.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Association of Unhealthy Plant-Based Diet with All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease Without Cardiovascular Diseases: A NHANES-Based Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe role of plant-based dietary patterns in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore potential contributing factors among people with prediabetes and diabetes.
methodsA total of 17,926 participants with prediabetes and 7798 with diabetes were enrolled from the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010 and followed until the end of 2020. We calculated the PDI, hPDI, and uPDI based on 18 major food groups including plant-based foods and animal-based foods and applied Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD risk related to PDI, hPDI, and uPDI. Decomposition analysis was performed to assess the role of dietary components, and mediation analysis was performed to assess the potential mediating role of serum biomarkers underlying these associations.
resultsA total of 2324 CVD events were documented among individuals with prediabetes, while 1461 events occurred among patients with diabetes. An inverse association was found between hPDI and CVD risk among individuals with prediabetes (HR T3 vs. T1 = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79-0.98, P
conclusionsAdherence to an unhealthy plant-based diet is associated with a higher CVD risk in people with prediabetes or diabetes, which may be partially attributed to low consumption of whole grains, high intake of SSB, and high blood cystatin C levels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.