ArticleBMC pediatrics2024
Urethral keratosis caused by vitamin A deficiency: two case reports.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDysuria in children can have various etiologies, including ureteric stones, phimosis, congenital obstructive posterior urethral membrane, and neurogenic bladders. However, there have been no reports of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) causing dysuria due to urethral keratosis. Here, we report two cases of urethral keratosis caused by a VAD. CASE PRESENTATION: An 8-year-old boy (Patient 1) and a 6-year-old boy (Patient 2) presented with multiple episodes of dysuria and epididymitis. Both patients had intellectual disabilities and autism, which prevented voiding cystourethrography. Therefore, the patient was admitted for cystoscopy under general anesthesia. Cystoscopy revealed urethral diastolic dysfunction and a large amount of desquamated epithelium obstructing the urethra in both patients, causing urinary obstruction and dysuria. Catheterization was repeated; however, the symptoms recurred after catheter removal. Although the cause of recurrent urinary obstruction could not be initially identified, an ophthalmologist found Bitot's spots and suggested the possibility of a VAD. Serum vitamin A levels were extremely low in both patients, leading to the diagnosis of urethral keratosis due to VAD. VAD can be attributed to an unbalanced diet resulting from intellectual disabilities or autism. Vitamin A replacement therapy improved both the urethral symptoms and cystoscopic findings.
conclusionDysuria due to VAD is extremely rare, and urethral keratosis as a cause of dysuria is likely the first report of its kind worldwide. VAD may develop due to an unbalanced diet in patients with intellectual disabilities or autism. Therefore, it is essential to consider VAD as a potential cause of dysuria in patients with intellectual disabilities and autism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.