Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39443812›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2025

Examining the healthy human microbiome concept.

Raphaela Joos, Katy Boucher, Aonghus Lavelle, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Martin J Blaser, Marcus J Claesson, Gerard Clarke, Paul D Cotter, Luisa De Sordi, Maria G Dominguez-Bello and 28 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 111 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
111citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

111 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Microbiome and well-being: a meta-analysis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. The gut microbiota in malnutrition.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Gut microbiota in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors.

Raphaela JoosAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-7747
Katy BoucherAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4381-5451
Aonghus LavelleAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Manimozhiyan ArumugamNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-9101
Martin J BlaserCenter for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-2443
Marcus J ClaessonAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Gerard ClarkeAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-3979
Paul D CotterAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-9068
Luisa De SordiCentre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-550X
Maria G Dominguez-BelloDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-6159
Bas E DutilhInstitute of Biodiversity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-7890
Stanislav D EhrlichUniversité Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Tarini Shankar GhoshDepartment of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), New Delhi, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-0365
Colin HillAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-1445
Christophe JunotDépartement Médicaments et Technologies pour La Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-6827
Leo LahtiDepartment of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-637X
Trevor D LawleyHost-Microbiota Interactions Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-621X
Tine R LichtNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6399-9574
Emmanuelle MaguinUniversité Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-3382
Thulani P MakhalanyaneDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8173-1678
Julian R MarchesiDivision of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7994-5239
Jelle MatthijnssensKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1188-9733
Jeroen RaesKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1337-041X
Jacques RavelInstitute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-2233
Anne SalonenHuman Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Pauline D ScanlanAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-9653
Andrey ShkoporovAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-8672
Catherine StantonAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6724-7011
Ines ThieleAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Igor TolstoyNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jens WalterAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-172X
Bo YangState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3718
Natalia YutinNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Alexandra ZhernakovaDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Hub ZwartErasmus School of Philosophy, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-5213
Human Microbiome Action Consortium
Joël DoréUniversité Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-0718
R Paul RossAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. p.ross@ucc.ie.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4876-8839

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES005022 · NIEHS · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI BRIAN T BUCKLEY · 1988 to 2026
$47.4M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human microbiomes are essential to health throughout the lifespan and are increasingly recognized and studied for their roles in metabolic, immunological and neurological processes. Although the full complexity of these microbial communities is not fully understood, their clinical and industrial exploitation is well advanced and expanding, needing greater oversight guided by a consensus from the research community. One of the most controversial issues in microbiome research is the definition of a 'healthy' human microbiome. This concept is complicated by the microbial variability over different spatial and temporal scales along with the challenge of applying a unified definition to the spectrum of healthy microbiome configurations. In this Perspective, we examine the progress made and the key gaps that remain to be addressed to fully harness the benefits of the human microbiome. We propose a road map to expand our knowledge of the microbiome-health relationship, incorporating epidemiological approaches informed by the unique ecological characteristics of these communities.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaHumans

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.