ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2025
Increased risk of genitourinary cancer in kidney transplant recipients: a large-scale national cohort study and its clinical implications.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Robot-Assisted Cystoprostatectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in a Patient With a Prior Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation.Case reports in transplantation · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo investigate the risk of genitourinary (GU) cancer in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) compared to that in the general population, focusing on potential risk factors and clinical implications.
methodsUsing a national cohort of approximately 360,000 individuals, including 31,542 KTRs, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the data from 2007 to 2018. Propensity score matching was used to compare KTRs with a healthy population, adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.
resultsWe identified a significantly increased risk of GU cancers, particularly bladder and kidney cancers, in KTRs. Multivariate analysis revealed a higher risk of GU cancer associated with kidney transplantation [hazard ratio (HR) 2.133, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.641-2.772] and hypercholesterolemia (HR 1.725, 95% CI 1.227-2.425), with older age and male sex also being significant risk factors. Conversely, no significant increase in prostate cancer risk was observed in KTRs compared to the general population.
conclusionThis national cohort-based study indicated an increased risk of GU cancer in KTRs, underscoring the need for targeted cancer surveillance and pre- and post-transplant counseling. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of cancer surveillance programs for KTRs and highlight the necessity for further research in this field.
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