ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2025
CIC/ATXN1-rearranged tumors in the central nervous system are mainly represented by sarcomas: A comprehensive clinicopathological and epigenetic series.
Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dural CIC::DUX4 sarcoma presenting with intracranial hemorrhage at both initial diagnosis and recurrence: a case report and literature review.Brain tumor pathology · 2026Article
- Modeling of Capicua Family Fusion Oncoprotein-Driven Cancers Reveals Gene-Specific Functionality.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Article
- A primary subcutaneous sarcoma with ATXN1::DUX4 fusion: the first report in soft tissue and further evidence for a CIC/ATXN1 pathway-altered sarcoma family.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Do Glioma Cells Rewire Neural Circuits through Epigenetic Changes? DNA Methylation Analysis of Genes Involved in Neuron-Glioma Communication in the Human Frontal Cortex.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Ewing Sarcoma, Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor, and Other Round Cell Sarcomas.Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- CIC/ATXN1-rearranged tumors in the central nervous system are mainly represented by sarcomas: A comprehensive clinicopathological and epigenetic series.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Abstract
CIC fusions have been described in two different central nervous system (CNS) tumor entities. On one hand, fusions of CIC or ATXN1 genes belonging to the same complex of transcriptional repressors, were reported in the CIC-rearranged, sarcoma (SARC-CIC). The diagnosis of this tumor type, which was recently added to the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of CNS tumors, is difficult mainly because the data concerning its histopathology (as compared to its soft tissue counterpart), immunoprofile, and clinical as well as radiological characteristics are scarce in the literature. On the other hand, a recent study, based on DNA-methylation profiling, has identified a novel high-grade neuroepithelial tumor characterized by recurrent CIC fusions (HGNET-CIC). The aim of this multicentric study was to characterize a cohort of 15 primary CNS tumors harboring a CIC or ATXN1 fusion in terms of clinical, radiological, histopathological, immunophenotypical, and epigenetic characteristics. According to the integrated diagnoses, 14/15 tumors corresponded to SARC-CIC, and only one to HGNET-CIC. The tumors showed similar clinical (mainly pediatric), radiological (mostly supratentorial, cystic, and contrast enhancing), immunophenotypical (common expression of glioneuronal markers), and genetic (similar spectrum of fusions) profiles but their histopathological appearance was clearly distinct. Moreover, we found a novel fusion transcript (CIC::EWSR1) in a SARC-CIC. Most DNA methylation profiles using the Heidelberg Brain Tumor Classifier (v12.8) annotated the samples to the methylation class "SARC-CIC" (9/14 tumors with available data). By using uniform manifold approximation and projection analysis, four other samples were classified as SARC-CIC and another clustered within the methylation class of HGNET-CIC. Our findings confirm that CNS CIC-fused tumors do not represent a single molecular tumor entity. Further analyses are needed to characterize HGNET-CIC in more detail. These results may help to refine the essential diagnostic criteria for SARC-CIC and their terminology (with a suggested consensual name of sarcoma, CIC/ATXN1-complex rearranged).
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